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Pediatrics Exam 3 all Questions & answers solved 100% accurately with Complete Solution Graded A+ latest version
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Pediatrics Exam 3 all Questions & answers solved 100% accurately with Complete Solution Graded A+ latest version

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  • July 5, 2024
  • 12
  • 2023/2024
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • pediatrics exam 3 all questions answers solved 1

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Pediatrics Exam 3
Upper GU tract - ✅✅-kidneys and ureters
Lower GU tract - ✅✅-bladder and urethra


✅✅
Problems in the urinary system can occur at any point in the system from the -
-kidneys to the urethral meatus


✅✅
Urinary system begins forming and excreting urine at ____ _____ gestational
age - -3 months


✅✅
Renal medulla and nephrons are present at birth but the ____ _____ are small
and immature - -peripheral tubules


✅✅
Glomerular filtration and renal blood flow begin to increase at birth and
become stable at - -1-2 years of age


✅✅
Measurable variables of kidney function approach adult value at ____-____
months of age but kidneys reach adult size by _____ - -6-12;
adolescence

(hence why we don't give ibuprofen until 6 months)

Pediatric GU assessment includes - ✅✅-- height and weight (failure can
impede growth)

- blood pressure is affected by kidney disease and can cause HTN

- ear position and formation because they form at the same time as the
kidneys which can indicate congenital anomalies

- CVA tenderness (indicates pyelo)/ palpable kidneys

- external genital abnormalities

- unusual facial features associated with syndrome with related renal disease


✅✅
Kidney stones will have tenderness in the lower back but not with -
-percussion (no CVA tenderness)

, pH of urine -✅✅-5.0-7.8
Specific gravity of urine - ✅✅-1.001-1.030

Specific gravity of urine in infants - ✅✅-1.001-1.022


✅✅
Protein in urinalysis is usually, and expected to be, none but normal is -
-<20

Urobilinogen level -✅✅-up to 1 mg/dl , >2 indicate liver disease
Urinalysis should have none of the following - ✅✅-glucose, ketones, HgB,
nitrites, leukocytes esterase, WBCs, RBCs

✅✅-bacteria
Nitrites indicate -

With UTIs you will see - ✅✅-Nitrites, leukocyte esterase, WBC, and RBCs

Newborn normal UOP - ✅✅-1-2 mL/kg/hr

Toddler normal UOP - ✅✅-1.5 ml/kg/hr

Child normal UOP - ✅✅-1 mL/kg/hr

Newborns have lower specific gravity because of - ✅✅-Immature kidneys
and they cannot concentrate urine well - so UOP will be higher too

Process for obtaining an UA - ✅✅ -check within 30 minutes or store in fridge
if you cannot (but not overnight unless a preservative is used)

Most common pathogen in UTI - ✅✅ -E. coli - it is found in the peritoneum
and skin, so it travels easily (constipation can increase the risk d/t easier
transfer and insufficient bladder emptying)

Occasionally, _____ and _____ pathogens can cause UTIs - ✅✅-fungal and
parasitic

Additional risks for UTIs - ✅✅-immunocompromised and long term
indwelling catheter

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