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Patho Exam 4 Questions and answers
Patho Exam 4 Questions and answers
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Patho Exam 4_____ Cobblestone appearance
_____ Rectum to colon
_____ Leads to obstruction
_____ Prominent symptom is diarrhea (bloody, and mucous)
✅✅
_____ Leads to hemorrhage, abscess, ulcer formation and pseudopolyps -
-- Crohn's
- Ulcerative Colitis
- Crohn's
- Ulcerative Colitis
- Ulcerative Colitis
______ Mouth to anus location
✅✅
______ Results in dysmotility, dilation, infarction and gangrenous areas
______ treatment includes corticosteroids - -- Crohn's
- Ulcerative Colitis
- Both
✅✅-- diverticulosis
________ Presents of out pouches in colon
_________ Inflammation of out pouches in colon -
- diverticulitis
✅✅-
*PANCREATITIS*
I GET SMASHED -
✅✅
3 macronutrients are protein, carbs, fat - --Carbohydrates and Fats used
primarily of energy
-Proteins necessary for creation or hormones, muscle and other building
essentials.
-Can be used for energy but not as efficient
80% of acute hep C patients... - ✅✅-do not have symptoms
✅✅
A ______________ disorder results from lesions or damage at the gland... -
-primary
A client asks the nurse. "What is the difference between GERD and Peptic
Ulcer Disease?"
,How should the nurse respond? - ✅✅ -What is biggest concern/complication
with GERD? GERD is the irritation of the esophageal lining due to stomach
contents/acid backing up out of the stomach - due to weak sphincter.
PUD is an erosion of the stomach/gastric or duodenal linings.
✅✅
A client with Diabetes Type I states, "All I have to do is cut back on the sugar I
put on my foods and take my pills." - -- DM more than just sugar in food -
carbs, fat and protein balance
- Assess glucose ac and hs
- Insulin not pills
- assess for long term effects (eyes, wounds, feet, kidney function , etc.)
A fulminant hepatitis... - ✅✅-- accelerated immune response with severe
liver necrosis
✅✅
A nurse assesses a client with advanced cirrhosis. Select the finding
inconsistent with portal hypertension... - -Weight loss
✅✅
A nurse is assessing a client with cholelithiasis. Identify the finding
inconsistent with this diagnosis - -- pain rating 2/10 (pain RUQ,
epigastric area, referred to back)
✅✅
A patient experiencing tachycardia, weight loss, heat intolerance may be
experiencing symptoms consistent with... - -Hyperthyroidism
A patient is experiencing DECREASED levels of cortisol and mineral cortical
✅✅
steroids. Select all the findings consistent with condition. -
-Hypoglycemia
Hypotension
Hyperkalemia
✅✅
A patient is experiencing INCREASED levels of cortisol and mineral cortical
steroids. Select all the findings consistent with condition. - -Weight gain
Hyperglycemia
Fluid overload
Acalculous cholecystitis - ✅✅-- inflammation of GB without the presence of
stones
- stones can lodge in cystic duct
, - lodged stone compromises flow of blood and lymph which results in mucosal
ischemia and necrosis
✅✅-pancreatic cells -- secretes digestive juices
acini -
acute and chronic cholecystitis - ✅✅-endoscopy procedure - via mouth
passed through GI tract to visualized pancreatic and bile duct
acute pancreatitis (reversible inflammatory process) -✅✅ -premature
activation of pancreatic enzymes (should not be activated until in duodenum)
- auto-digestion of pancreatic tissue occurs - severe damage to cells
addison's crisis - ✅✅ -life-threatening emergency - - - Hormone replacement
- Na and Glucose replacement, Fluid replacement
- Support
- Determine underlying cause--treat
Addison's Disease - ✅✅ -deficiency:
- Mineral and Glucocorticoids can't produce enough
excess of:
- Adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH - producing too much
(chronic metabolic disorder and lifetime hormone replacement)
adenocarcinoma esophageal cancer - ✅✅-linked to GERD and Barrett's
esophagus
age impact alcohol-induced liver disease - ✅✅-- decrease resistance to
hepatotoxic effects
alcohol liver disease - ✅✅-- 60-80 grams alcohol/day x 10 years
- presentation - variable can be mild/nonspecific, RUQ pain, malaise, jaundice,
dark urine, liver enlarged and tender...
✅✅
all result in hepatitis, differentiated by: - -- mode of transmission and
incubation period
- mechanisms, degree and chronicity of liver damage
- ability to evolve to a carrier state
alpha cells - ✅✅-secretes glucagon
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