A&P STRAIGHTERLINE EXAM 2024 | FINAL EXAM TEST
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What is smooth muscle tone?
Select one:
a. Can rapidly develop action potentials
b. Shallow invaginations of cell membrane
c. Relatively constant tension maintained for a period of time
d. Intracellular cytoskeleton
e. Enzyme that removes phosphate from myosin
C. Relatively constant tension maintained for a period of time
The sites where a chemical substance is transmitted from the presynaptic terminal of an axon to
the postsynaptic membrane of a muscle fiber are called
Select one:
a. Neuromuscular junctions.
B. Sarcomeres.
C. Myofilaments.
D. Z disks.
E. Cell body of neuron.
A. Neuromuscular junctions.
List the following structures in order from smallest to largest.
(1) muscle fiber
(2) myofilament
(3) myofibril
(4) muscle fasciculus
Select one:
a. 4, 2, 3, 1
b. 2, 1, 4, 3
c. 3, 1, 4, 2
d. 2, 3, 1, 4
e. 1, 2, 3, 4
D. 2, 3, 1, 4
,Which of the following is NOT true of muscular atrophy?
Select one:
a. It is irreversible.
B. It can be caused by disuse.
C. It can be caused by denervation.
D. Transcutaneous stimulation can help prevent it.
E. Muscle fibers are replaced by connective tissue.
A. It is irreversible.
Myosin phosphatase
Select one:
a. Activates myosin kinase.
B. Forms the cross-bridge.
C. Removes phosphate from myosin.
D. Binds to calcium-calmodulin complex.
E. Opens calcium channels.
C. Removes phosphate from myosin.
Which type of muscle tissue would cause flexion and extension of the arm?
Select one:
a. Skeletal muscle
b. Smooth muscle
c. Cardiac muscle
A. Skeletal muscle
An isometric contraction is described as
Select one:
a. Action potential frequency is high enough that no relaxation of muscle fibers occurs.
B. A muscle produces constant tension during contraction.
C. A muscle produces an increasing tension as the length remains constant.
D. A muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens.
E. A muscle produces tension, but the length of the muscle is increasing.
C. A muscle produces an increasing tension as the length remains constant.
Which of the following causes an unequal ion concentration across the resting plasma
membrane?
Select one:
a. The functioning of the sodium-chloride pump
,b. Negatively charged proteins do not readily diffuse across the plasma membrane
c. The attraction of chloride ions to other intracellular anions
d. The repulsion of potassium ions by the intracellular anions
e. The attraction of sodium ions to chloride ions
B. Negatively charged proteins do not readily diffuse across the plasma membrane
A stimulus either causes an action potential or it doesn't. This is called
Select one:
a. An all-or-none response.
B. A graded response.
C. A latent period response.
D. A relative refractory response.
E. An arbitrary response.
A. An all-or-none response.
Body temperature
Select one:
a. Is raised by sweating.
B. Results from the heat produced when muscles contract.
C. Will increase after blood vessels in the skin constrict.
D. Is lowered by shivering.
E. Decreases when the rate of the chemical reactions increase.
B. Results from the heat produced when muscles contract.
Visceral smooth muscle
Select one:
a. May contain groups of cells that function as an independent unit.
B. Occurs in sheets and exhibits numerous gap junctions.
C. Contracts only when stimulated.
D. Does not function as a unit.
E. All of these choices are correct.
B. Occurs in sheets and exhibits numerous gap junctions.
Which of these is true of skeletal muscle?
A) spindle-shaped cells
B) under involuntary control
C) many peripherally located nuclei per muscle cell
D) forms the walls of hollow internal organs
E) may be autorhythmic
, C) many peripherally located nuclei per muscle cell
An isotonic contraction is described as
Select one:
a. Action potential frequency is high enough that no relaxation of muscle fibers occurs.
B. A muscle produces constant tension during contraction.
C. A muscle produces an increasing tension during contraction.
D. A muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens.
E. A muscle produces tension, but the length of the muscle is increasing
B. A muscle produces constant tension during contraction.
After contraction has occurred, the calcium is
Select one:
a. Destroyed by cholinesterase.
B. Chemically bound to the cross bridges.
C. Secreted by the Golgi apparatus to the outside of the cell.
D. Released from troponin.
E. Returned to the sarcolemma.
D. Released from troponin.
Increased strength of a trained muscle is due to
Select one:
a. An increased number of muscle fibers.
B. The nervous system's ability to recruit a large number of motor units simultaneously.
C. Elimination of unnecessary enzymes and metabolic pathways.
D. Elimination of all fat deposits.
E. Elimination of unnecessary connective tissue.
B. The nervous system's ability to recruit a large number of motor units simultaneously.
Skeletal muscle fibers
Select one:
a. Possess striations.
B. Can contract but are not extensible or excitable.
C. Do not require nerve innervation to contract.
D. Increase dramatically in number after birth.
E. Are found in the walls of the stomach.
A. Possess striations.
BANK WITH A PRACTICE EXAM, STUDY GUIDE AND
INSTRUCTOR NOTES | ALL YOU NEED FOR A
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What is smooth muscle tone?
Select one:
a. Can rapidly develop action potentials
b. Shallow invaginations of cell membrane
c. Relatively constant tension maintained for a period of time
d. Intracellular cytoskeleton
e. Enzyme that removes phosphate from myosin
C. Relatively constant tension maintained for a period of time
The sites where a chemical substance is transmitted from the presynaptic terminal of an axon to
the postsynaptic membrane of a muscle fiber are called
Select one:
a. Neuromuscular junctions.
B. Sarcomeres.
C. Myofilaments.
D. Z disks.
E. Cell body of neuron.
A. Neuromuscular junctions.
List the following structures in order from smallest to largest.
(1) muscle fiber
(2) myofilament
(3) myofibril
(4) muscle fasciculus
Select one:
a. 4, 2, 3, 1
b. 2, 1, 4, 3
c. 3, 1, 4, 2
d. 2, 3, 1, 4
e. 1, 2, 3, 4
D. 2, 3, 1, 4
,Which of the following is NOT true of muscular atrophy?
Select one:
a. It is irreversible.
B. It can be caused by disuse.
C. It can be caused by denervation.
D. Transcutaneous stimulation can help prevent it.
E. Muscle fibers are replaced by connective tissue.
A. It is irreversible.
Myosin phosphatase
Select one:
a. Activates myosin kinase.
B. Forms the cross-bridge.
C. Removes phosphate from myosin.
D. Binds to calcium-calmodulin complex.
E. Opens calcium channels.
C. Removes phosphate from myosin.
Which type of muscle tissue would cause flexion and extension of the arm?
Select one:
a. Skeletal muscle
b. Smooth muscle
c. Cardiac muscle
A. Skeletal muscle
An isometric contraction is described as
Select one:
a. Action potential frequency is high enough that no relaxation of muscle fibers occurs.
B. A muscle produces constant tension during contraction.
C. A muscle produces an increasing tension as the length remains constant.
D. A muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens.
E. A muscle produces tension, but the length of the muscle is increasing.
C. A muscle produces an increasing tension as the length remains constant.
Which of the following causes an unequal ion concentration across the resting plasma
membrane?
Select one:
a. The functioning of the sodium-chloride pump
,b. Negatively charged proteins do not readily diffuse across the plasma membrane
c. The attraction of chloride ions to other intracellular anions
d. The repulsion of potassium ions by the intracellular anions
e. The attraction of sodium ions to chloride ions
B. Negatively charged proteins do not readily diffuse across the plasma membrane
A stimulus either causes an action potential or it doesn't. This is called
Select one:
a. An all-or-none response.
B. A graded response.
C. A latent period response.
D. A relative refractory response.
E. An arbitrary response.
A. An all-or-none response.
Body temperature
Select one:
a. Is raised by sweating.
B. Results from the heat produced when muscles contract.
C. Will increase after blood vessels in the skin constrict.
D. Is lowered by shivering.
E. Decreases when the rate of the chemical reactions increase.
B. Results from the heat produced when muscles contract.
Visceral smooth muscle
Select one:
a. May contain groups of cells that function as an independent unit.
B. Occurs in sheets and exhibits numerous gap junctions.
C. Contracts only when stimulated.
D. Does not function as a unit.
E. All of these choices are correct.
B. Occurs in sheets and exhibits numerous gap junctions.
Which of these is true of skeletal muscle?
A) spindle-shaped cells
B) under involuntary control
C) many peripherally located nuclei per muscle cell
D) forms the walls of hollow internal organs
E) may be autorhythmic
, C) many peripherally located nuclei per muscle cell
An isotonic contraction is described as
Select one:
a. Action potential frequency is high enough that no relaxation of muscle fibers occurs.
B. A muscle produces constant tension during contraction.
C. A muscle produces an increasing tension during contraction.
D. A muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens.
E. A muscle produces tension, but the length of the muscle is increasing
B. A muscle produces constant tension during contraction.
After contraction has occurred, the calcium is
Select one:
a. Destroyed by cholinesterase.
B. Chemically bound to the cross bridges.
C. Secreted by the Golgi apparatus to the outside of the cell.
D. Released from troponin.
E. Returned to the sarcolemma.
D. Released from troponin.
Increased strength of a trained muscle is due to
Select one:
a. An increased number of muscle fibers.
B. The nervous system's ability to recruit a large number of motor units simultaneously.
C. Elimination of unnecessary enzymes and metabolic pathways.
D. Elimination of all fat deposits.
E. Elimination of unnecessary connective tissue.
B. The nervous system's ability to recruit a large number of motor units simultaneously.
Skeletal muscle fibers
Select one:
a. Possess striations.
B. Can contract but are not extensible or excitable.
C. Do not require nerve innervation to contract.
D. Increase dramatically in number after birth.
E. Are found in the walls of the stomach.
A. Possess striations.
