Exam (elaborations)
Research Methods Chapter 4 (1)
Research Methods Chapter 4 (1)
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Research Methods Chapter 4Can prevent confusion in the research process - ANS-Good conceptualization and
operationalization
Indicator - ANS-The values of multiple variables are often combined into one __________ to
help answer the research question.
Operationalization - ANS-The process of specifying the operations that will indicate the value of
a variable for each case is known as __________ OR
process of the procedure for measuring the concepts we intend to measure
Nominal - ANS-In a national survey of drug abuse, the variable "region" includes West,
Southwest, South, Southeast, East, Northeast, Midwest, and Northwest. The level of
measurement is:
Measurement - ANS-__________ validity is the extent to which measures indicate what they
are intended to measure.
Dichotomous - ANS-"the average delinquency of adolescents was reduced by 33% during the
time of the study." If this statement is literally true, the level of measurement of delinquency in
the study was at least:
Criterion validity - ANS-The _______ ________ of a measure is established when a more direct
measure of the same phenomenon provides the same answer.
Reliability is a necessary but not sufficient condition for measurement validity - ANS-What does
establishing the reliability of a measure have to do with establishing its validity?
Different versions of survey questions are used - ANS-Alternate forms reliability is different than
test-retest reliability because:
Criterion validation - ANS-Before their release, prison inmates are asked to fill out a risk
assessment questionnaire which assesses the likelihood that an inmate will re-offend. A
researcher later corroborates the risk assessments with official arrest statistics. This is an
example of:
A representative sample of questions - ANS-To develop a measure of self-control that has high
content validity, a researcher should use:
Variable's level of measurement - ANS-A ______ _______ __ _______ indicates the
correspondence among numbers assigned to the variable and empirical relations among cases
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