BIO 211 Unit 3 Study Questions and Correct Answers

First fossils of fungi date ______ mya 460 Which organisms are the closest relatives of fungi? Animals What 2 growth forms of fungi exist? Yeasts and mycelia Yeasts Single celled What three characteristics do fungi share? 1. Eukaryotes 2. spores to reproduce 3. heterotrophs Mycelia Multicellular, filamentous strands, absorb nutrients Components of mycelium Hyphae Septa Coenocytic Hyphae Explain why mycelia are interpreted as an an adaptation to the absorptive life style Because they are made up of a network of thin branching hyphae, mycelia have a large surface area, which makes them efficient at absorption. Hyphae Filaments within mycelium Hyphae is mycelium Increases surface area making absorption more efficient. disadvantage is that mycelium prone to drying out Septa Cross-walls that divide filaments Coenocytic hyphae Hyphae without septa Spores Reproductive cells Produced by sexual or asexual Dispersal stage Resistant to drying out Plasmogamy Fusion of cytoplasm Forms dikaryotic hyphae Karyogamy One or more unlike nuclei fuse forming diploid zygote Why do Fungi have a profound influence on the ecosystem and biodiversity. They are able to recycle key elements like carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. They transfer these nutrients to plants and animals. Alternation of generations Gametophyte (haploid) - produces gametes! Sporophyte (diploid) - produces spores Gametophyte Haploid - produces gametes (larger, independent) Sporophyte Diploid - produces spores (small, short lived)