ACVM Parasitology Boards Insecticides Exam Review questions and answers, 100% Accurate. Graded A+/

ACVM Parasitology Boards Insecticides Exam Review questions and answers, 100% Accurate. Graded A+/ Q Rotenone A Origin: Derris root, cube root, and other leguminous scrubs MOA: Inhibits mitochondrial respiratory systems Use: Ear mites in dogs, cats, rabbits; shampoo for Demodex (dogs and cats); piscicide (fish killer) Adverse effects: Confusion, cough, Gi signs in people Associated with Parkinson’s Examples: Goodwinol ointment 2 Q Limonene A Origin: cyclic turpentine from citrus fruit Use: Marketed as a non-toxic, natural flea and tick spray Adverse effects: Mainly in cats Examples: Sentry natural defenses brand household spray Non-toxic and non-carcinogenic 3 Q Pyrethrins A Origin: Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium MOA: affecting voltage-gated sodium channels and the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-gated chloride channels in nerve membranes, thus disrupting neurotransmission Use: arthropods Adverse effects: Should not be used in puppies and kittens under 4 months of age or suckling Examples: Adam’s flea and tick dip Typically used with a synergistic compound such as piperonyl butoxide, or N-octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide (MGK 264) 4 Q Pyrethroids A General category for all 5 generations of pyrethoroids Origin: synthetic pyrethrin-like substances MOA: work at the voltage-gated sodium channel and the GABA-gated chloride channels leading to paralysis Use: Arthopods Adverse effects: Toxic to fish Other: Work best at lower temperatures 5 Q Allethrin A Origin: First-gen pyrethroids, similar potency and stability to natural pyrethrins MOA: work at the voltage-gated sodium channel and the GABA-gated chloride channels (neurotoxic) Use: Arthropods (fleas/ticks) Adverse effects: Low toxicity; Not mutagenic, carcinogenic, or embryogenic Examples: Hartz Ultraguard Plus Flea & Tick Shamposo