Exam (elaborations)
Lecture 5 - Transaction Processing (1)
- Institution
- Chapter 5: Time Value Of Money
Lecture 5 - Transaction Processing (1)
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Lecture 5 - Transaction ProcessingTransaction Processing - ANS-a way of computing that divides work into individual, indivisible
operations, called transactions
- process of everyday business transactions
- sequence of systematic operations applied to a collection of data to generate useful
information
Transaction Processing System (TPS) - ANS-software system that supports transaction
processing
Many repetitive transactions are processed for: - ANS-- transaction --> transaction
- Transaction + Status (Master) -> Updated Status
- Transactions -> Activity Summary
- Status (files) -> Status Reports
Example - an order processing system: transaction --> transaction - ANS-customer order -->
Invoice, Inventory Withrdawal
Example - an order processing system: Transaction + Status (Master) -> Updated Status -
ANS-Customer Order + Customer Balance --> New customer balance
Example - an order processing system: Transactions -> Activity Summary - ANS-Sales by
month, sales by area, sales by salesperson
Example - an order processing system: Status -> Status Reports - ANS-List of customer
balances, cumulative sales per item
What are the phases of Data Processing? - ANS-1. Inputs
2. Processing
3. Outputs
Inputs - ANS-- source documents
- on-line transactions
- files (from other applications)
Processing - ANS-- updating
- calculating
- summarizing
Outputs - ANS-- reports/queries
- action documents
, - files (for other applications)
Phases of Data Processing FAQS - ANS-- each of the phases may be a manual or
computerized application
- in a given system (application), a phase may exist more than once e.g. order processing,
payroll
Batch - ANS-- transactions are accumulated before they are being processed
- then, they are processed together (through the same phase)
Real-time Systems - ANS-- transactions are processed (almost) immediately
- event data are processed before the next event
In real life systems, transactions are processed one at a time
- the transactions are processed before the next event happens
Real Time vs. On-Line - ANS-Real time
- transactions are processed (almost) immediately
On-Line
- input/output devices are connected at time of processing
-in most situations, on-line is a prerequisite for real-time processing
- hence, on-line is frequently used to indicate real-time
Batch systems - ANS-transactions are accumulated before being processed through one or
more steps (input, process, output)
Reasons for using batch systems - ANS-- efficient for large volumes of transactions
-efficient use of resources (can be done when the resources are available)
Application requirements for batch systems - ANS-- need to process a complete file
- need for user control
- need for safety
Examples of batch processing - ANS-- weekly time reports to produce paychecks
- groups of checks to update accounts payable master files
- processing invoices to update an accounts receivable master file
Steps for back processing - ANS-1. group source documents into batches
2. input batch into computer system
3. store data from batch in transaction file
4. process entire batch as a group
5. output and data stored in the system are updated with each batch processing
Modes of Batch Processing - ANS-- sequential
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