Exam (elaborations)
NUR 101_ Pharmacology Exam (1).
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- NUR 101 NCLEX STYLE
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- NUR 101 NCLEX STYLE
NUR 101_ Pharmacology Exam (1).
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NUR 101: Pharmacology ExamBisacodyl (Dulcolax) - ANS-Classification: Laxative
Action: Evacuation of the colon
Uses: Treatment of Constipation
Dosages: 5-30 mg
Side Effects: Abdominal cramps, nausea, rectal burning, vertigo, vomiting
Nursing Implications: assess for abdominal distention, presence of bowel sounds, assess color,
consistency, and amount of stool
Client Teachings: increase fluid intake to at least 1500 - 2000 mL/day
Digoxin (Lanoxin) - ANS-Classification: Antiarrhythmics, inotropics
Action: Increased cardiac output and slowing of the heart rate
Uses: Heart failure
Dosages: 0.125 - 0.5mg daily
Side Effects: fatigue, bradycardia, anorexia, nausea, and vomiting
Nursing Implications: Monitor apical pulse for 1 min, withhold if <60
Client Teachings: teach patient to take pulse in contact healthcare professional before taking
medication if post rate is < 60 or >100
Docusate Calcium (Surfak) - ANS-Classification: Laxative
Action: Softening and Passage of stool
Uses: Constipation Prevention
Dosages: 240mg 1x daily
Side Effects: throat irritation, mild cramps, diarrhea, rashes
Nursing Implications: assess for abdominal distention, presence of bowel sounds, assess color,
consistency, and amount of stool produced
Client Teachings: use only for short term therapy, encourage patient to use other forms of bowel
regulation, increasing bulk in diet, increasing fluid intake
Ferrous sulfate (Feosol) - ANS-Classification: Antianemics
Action: Prevention/Treatment of iron deficiency
Uses: Prevention/Treatment of iron deficiency anemia
Dosages: 120 - 240mg, 2 - 3x daily
Side Effects: seizures, dizziness, hypertension, nausea, constipation, diarrhea, dark stools,
epigastric pain
Nursing Implications: assess patient for signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis for at least 30
minutes after injection.
Client Teachings: do not crush or chew enteric-coated tablets and do not open capsules
Furosemide (lasix) - ANS-Classification: Diuretic
, Action: Diuresis and subsequent mobilization of excess of fluid (edema, pleural effusions)
decrease BP
Uses: Edema due to heart failure
Dosages: 20 - 80mg daily
Side Effects: dehydration, hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, hypochloremia, hypomagnesemia,
hyponatremia, hypovolemia, metabolic alkalosis
Nursing Implications: assess fluid status. Monitor daily weight, intake and output ratios, amount
and location of edema, lung sounds, skin turgor, and mucous membranes.
Client Teachings: instruct patient to take as directed. Take missed doses as soon as possible,
do not double dose. Contact healthcare professional immediately if rash, muscle weakness,
cramps, nausea, dizziness, numbness, or tingling of extremities occur.
Magnesium hydroxide (milk of magnesia) - ANS-Classification: Laxative, Mineral and Electrolyte
replacements
Action: Replacement in deficiency states. Evacuation of the colon
Uses: Treatment/ Prevention of hypomagnesemia
Dosages: 270 - 400mg daily
Side Effects: Diarrhea
Nursing Implications: Assess patient for abdominal distention, presence of vowel sounds, and
usual pattern of bowel functions.
Client Teachings: Advise patient the laxative should be only use for short-term therapy,
encourage patient to use other forms of bowel regulation
Metformin (glucophage) - ANS-Classification: Antidiabetic
Action: Maintenance of blood sugar
Uses: Management of type-II diabetes
Dosages: 500mg 2x daily
Side Effects: Abdominal bloating, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, metallic taste
Nursing Implications: Assess for symptoms hypoglycemia. Abdominal pain, swelling, hunger,
weakness, dizziness, headache, tremor, tachycardia, anxiety
Client Teachings: risk of like lactic acidosis, symptoms of lactic acidosis (chills, diarrhea,
dizziness, low BP, muscle pain, sleepiness, slow heartbeat or pulse, dyspnea, or weakness.
Metoprolol (Lopressor) - ANS-Classification: Antianginals, Antihypertensive
Action: Decrease BP and Heart Rate
Uses: Hypertension, Angina Pectoris
Dosages: 25 - 100mg up to 450mg daily
Side Effects: Fatigue, weakness, depression, dizziness, erectile dysfunction.
Nursing Implications: Monitor BP, ECG, and pulse frequently. Monitor vital signs, monitor intake
and output ratios and daily weights.
Client Teachings: Patient to notify healthcare professional very slow pulse, difficulty breathing,
wheezing, cold hands and feet, dizziness, lightheadedness, confusion, depression, rash, fever,
sore throat, or unusual bleeding, or bruising occurs.
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