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Biol 1218 All Lecture Notes for Semester

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The Biol 1218 study resource: "All Lecture Notes for Semester" is designed in a clear question and answer format, it offers detailed insights into every lecture topic covered. Featuring accurate information and helpful photos from the lecture themself, it's the perfect tool for mastering the course...

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  • July 19, 2024
  • 66
  • 2021/2022
  • Class notes
  • Cam macdonald
  • All classes
  • biol 1218
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BIOL 1218 Lectures
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INTRODUCTION AND SCIENTIFIC METHODOLOGY
DATE: January 10, 2022 + January 12, 2022



INTRODUCTION

Vancouver Island Marmot

critically endangered in BC

endangered globally




Spotted Owl

impacted by logging

competing with Barred Owl

can mate with Spotted Owl




BIOL 1218 Lectures 1

, Rare habitats

prevent habitat loss

Oil Sands

oil mixed in with sand

use energy/heat to seperate

higher CO2 footprint

source of income




Environmental Stories 2021

record setting weather events in BC

COVID — environmental impact positive and negative

Pipelines

BC Wolf cull

save caribou population

critically endangered in Southern BC

wildfires

interference with natural events to clear forest floor

controlled burns — possible solution

Good News?

whale species numbers are doing better in 70 years due to hunting policies



📌 SUMMARY:

Habitat loss is the greatest threat to species

Things that are bad for the environment, such as oil sands, stick around because they’re a source of income

Canada tends to sign many environmental agreements, but doesn’t make any actions




SCIENTIFIC METHODOLOGY

What is Science?

Knowledge about the physical world obtained by using the scientific method to test possible explanations (hypothesis) against
experimental data

What is Ecology?




BIOL 1218 Lectures 2

, the scientific study of interactions between organisms and the environment

these interactions determine the distribution of organisms and their abundance

What components are included in the environment of any organism?

Abiotic = Non-living

Biotic = Living

What are the abiotic factors that affect the distribution of organisms?

1. Temperature

2. Precipitation

3. Sunlight — except thermal vents on ocean floor

4. Wind

5. Soil Chemistry



What are the biotic factors that affect the distribution of organisms?

1. Prey availability

2. Predation

3. Competition

4. Disease

What biotic and abiotic factors affect the polar bear?

abiotic — temperature warming and ice melting

biotic — hunting by humans, predation of killer whale

What are the level of Biological Organization? Which ones are the Domain of the Ecologists?

1. Atom

2. Molecule

3. Cell

4. Tissue

5. Organ

6. Organ Systems

The Domain of the Ecologists:

7. Organism

8. Population

9. Community

10. Ecosystem

11. Biome

12. Biosphere

What are the different biomes?

1. Boreal Forest

2. Desert

3. Grassland

4. Permanent Ice

5. Temperate deciduous forest

6. Temperate rainforest*

7. Tropical rainforest

8. Tundra




BIOL 1218 Lectures 3

, What are two fundamental ecological questions?

What determines abundance?

What limits a species’ range?

What are species?

A group of organisms with similar anatomical characteristics and the ability to interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

Variations hints at speciation

Hybrids may be common such as the coywolf

domestic dogs = selective breeding

infertile offspring = mule = horse + donkey

due to separation in ecological branch over time




the food chain is not linear, so a food web is more specific

What is a population?

A localized group of organisms belonging to the same species.

What is a community?

An assemblage of populations living close enough for potential interaction.

Includes many different species.

What is an ecosystem?

A community and its abiotic factors (physical)




BIOL 1218 Lectures 4

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