Exam (elaborations)
ESS205 - Last Three Units (1)
ESS205 - Last Three Units (1)
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Define Climate Forcing + Examples: - CORRECT ANSWER-Climate forcing definesdrivers of climate change.
1. Green house gasses: Nitrous oxides, methane, and carbon dioxide.
2. Aerosols: Soot, dust, smoke, and sulphates (net cooling effect).
What is Climate Feedback: - CORRECT ANSWER-Can either be positive or
negative.
1. Positive = amplifying.
2. Negative = stabilizing.
What is a Climate Tipping Point? An example. - CORRECT ANSWER-A climate
tipping point is an abrupt and irreversible shift in the climate and environment.
Ocean circulation: Slowing of the gulf stream will cause a displacement and uneven
distribution of heat causing less ice and a rapid release of methane (due to
tectonics).
What are the Peatlands? - CORRECT ANSWER-Wastelands that contain organic
matter that stores CO2. If the peatlands become harmed, an immense amount of
CO2 will be released, so it is important to safeguard this area.
Receding Glaciers (Natural Induced Climate Change) - CORRECT ANSWER-Glacial
and interglacial cycles are the primary manifestation of climate change. Receding
glaciers indicate a warming climate.
Disappearance of the Mediterrian Sea (Natural Induced Climate Change) -
CORRECT ANSWER-Over the span of 100 years, the Mediterranean Sea
evaporated due to an increase of warm/dry climates and tectonics.
Snow Ball Earth (Natural Induced Climate Change) - CORRECT ANSWER-Refers to
the planetary surface of Earth being covered in snow and ice, which last occurred
650 Ma. When snow falls on land/ ice forms at sea, a ice-albedo feedback is created
causing the stabilizing of cooling periods, ice and snow.
Thermal Maximum (Natural Induced Climate Change) - CORRECT ANSWER-The
last thermal maximum occurred 55 Ma, as the atmospheres temperature increased
by 5-8 degrees. Dry and warm climates dominated all of Earths regions, even the
artic. This was due to an increase of CO2 due to volcanism.
The Basics of Milankovitch Theory: - CORRECT ANSWER-Believed Earth went
through glacial and interglacial cycles of warming and cooling periods due to:
1. Eccentricity:
-The measure of Earth's orbital departure around the sun (changes every 100 000
years).
2. Obliquity:
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