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Abrams Chapter 3 - NCLEX Review (1
Abrams Chapter 3 - NCLEX Review (1
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Abrams Chapter 3 - NCLEX ReviewA mother asks why she cannot use adult dosages of over-the-counter (OTC) medication for her
11-year-old child. Which explanation best demonstrates the nurse's understanding of the
importance of the mother's question?
A. Drug therapy for neonates, infants, and children is prescribed based upon age.
B. It is a generally safe practice to give an 11-year-old child half of the suggested adult dosage.
C. Children younger than 16 years of age should never be given OTC medications.
D. Drug therapy in children requires special considerations because of the child's size,
developmental level, and organ function. - CORRECT ANSWER-D. Drug therapy in children
requires special considerations because of the child's size, developmental level, and organ
function.
Drug therapy in neonates, infants, and children requires special considerations because of the
child's changing size, developmental level, and organ function. Physiologic differences alter drug
pharmacokinetics, and drug therapy is less predictable than in adults. None of the other options
accurately address the mother's question.
The nurse is reviewing a written prescription being given to the client. The nurse determines that
the prescription is appropriately written when what information is included? Select all that apply.
A. Brand name of the drug
B. Number of refills authorized
C. First initial and last name of the client
D. The client's phone number
E. Instructions for self-administration - CORRECT ANSWER-B. Number of refills authorized
E. Instructions for self-administration
Written prescriptions should include the full name of the client; the name of the drug (preferably
the generic name); the dose, route, and frequency of administration; instructions for taking the
drug (e.g., dose, frequency) and whether the prescription can be refilled; and the date, time, and
signature of the prescriber.
During the process of medication reconciliation, what is the primary function of the list of
medications developed from the medication history?
A. Helps minimize the risk of medication interactions with newly prescribed medications
B. Provides the primary health care provider with a written copy of current medications
C. Assures quality nursing care by being placed in the client's medical record
D. Provides the client's family with a comprehensive list of current medications - CORRECT
ANSWER-A. Helps minimize the risk of medication interactions with newly prescribed medications
Medication reconciliation is a process designed to avoid medication errors such as omissions,
duplications, dosing errors, or drug interactions that occur when a client is admitted to a health
care facility, transferred from one department or unit to another within the facility, or discharged
home from the facility. All other options are secondary in importance.
The nurse should consider using which needle when administering a nonviscous solution by the
intramuscular (IM) route for an adult?
A. 1.5 inches (3.8 cm), 22 gauge
B. 1 inch (2.5 cm), 25 gauge
C. 1.5 inches (3.8 cm), 18 gauge
D. 0.5 inches (1.3 cm), 25 gauge - CORRECT ANSWER-A. 1.5 inches (3.8 cm), 22 gauge
, A 22-gauge needle that is 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) long is most often used for IM injections. The
remaining options are either too short or of an inappropriate gauge.
How many insulin syringes will the nurse need to administer 100 units of standard U-100 insulin?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 4
D. 3 - CORRECT ANSWER-A. 1
Insulin syringes are calibrated to measure up to 100 units of insulin. This means the nurse will
need one syringe.
A client is prescribed a 12.5-mg dose of metoprolol for the treatment of high blood pressure. The
nurse should administer how many 25-mg tablets?
A. 2
B. 0.5
C. 1
D. 1.25 - CORRECT ANSWER-B. 0.5
12.5 (desired dose) ÷ 25 (available dose) = 0.5 tablets.
What statement, made by the nurse to a client prescribed a sublingual medication, demonstrates
an understanding of the appropriate method of administration for this specific route?
A. ''Rinse your mouth with the medication but do not swallow it.''
B. ''Chew the medication thoroughly before swallowing it.''
C. ''Hold the medication under your tongue until it is dissolved.''
D. ''Drink a full glass of water after swallowing it.'' - CORRECT ANSWER-C. ''Hold the medication
under your tongue until it is dissolved.''
Sublingual tablets are designed to be placed under the tongue for dissolution and absorption
through the network of blood vessels in this area. Such tablets should not be swallowed with water
or chewed. An oral liquid rinse would be spit out instead of being swallowed.
Which action describes a nursing responsibility associated with the administration of medications?
A. Notifying the facility's administrator when a drug administration error occurs
B. Calling the primary health care provider to question dosage of prescribed medication
C. Delegating medication administration as needed to certified nursing assistants
D. Discussing each medication with the pharmacist before administration - CORRECT
ANSWER-B. Calling the primary health care provider to question dosage of prescribed medication
The administration of a drug is a fundamental responsibility of the nurse. If there is any uncertainty
regarding the safety or appropriateness of a drug prescription, the nurse should contact the
prescribing health care provider for clarification. Medication administration is not delegable to a
nursing assistant. Discussion with a pharmacist is necessary only when there is confusion or
question concerning the prescribed medication. The nurse must notify the appropriate nursing and
medical staff regarding a drug error, not the facility's administrator.
The nursing process consists of what five major steps?
A. Examination, assessment, diagnosis, implementation, evaluation
B. Assessment, diagnosis, medication, planning, implementation
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