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NUR 2060 Exam 4 - Drug Specifics (1)

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NUR 2060 Exam 4 - Drug Specifics (1)

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  • July 22, 2024
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  • 2023/2024
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NUR 2060 Exam 4 - Drug Specifics
Black Cohosh - ANS-Uses: symptoms of menopause (hot flashes, vaginal dryness, palpitations,
insomnia, irritability)
Action: unknown
ADRs: usually minor (GI, other)
Cautions: pregnancy, do not confuse with blue cohosh

Coenzyme Q10 - ANS-Uses: HF, muscle injury (from statins and other)
Action: antioxidant
ADRs: well tolerated except in high doses
Cautions: not to be used with Warfarin

Cranberry Juice - ANS-Uses: prevent UTI and prevent urine odor
Action: prevent bacteria from adhering to urinary tract wall
ADRs: high dosage cause GI upset and kidney stones
Cautions: not to be used with Warfarin

Echinacea - ANS-Uses: stimulate immune function, suppress inflammation, treat viral infections
like common cold and influenza
Questionable effectiveness, not for long term use
Contraindications: patients prone to allergies and patients with autoimmune disease
Opposes effects of immunosuppressants and may compromise therapy for TB, cancer, HIV

Feverfew - ANS-Uses: prophylaxis and treatment of migraine - More effective for prophylaxis,
less for treatment of ongoing
Caution: may increase risk of bleeding with antiplatelets and anticoagulants, must be
discontinued before surgery

Flaxseed - ANS-Uses: constipation and dyslipidemia
Action: high fiber product
ADRs: GI
Cautions: avoid conventional drugs by 1-2 hours

Garlic - ANS-Uses: reduce triglycerides and LDL, increase HDL, decrease BP, suppress platelet
aggregation
Effectiveness: need high dose, not cooked, bypass stomach enzymes
ADRs: unpleasant taste and bad breath
Caution: increase risk of bleeding with aspirin and anticoagulants

Ginger Root - ANS-Uses: suppresses N and V, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, such
as RA

, Action: blocks serotonin in chemoreceptor zone
Caution: can cause spontaneous abortion during pregnancy, increases risk of bleeding
Route: may chew or make tea from grated root

Ginko - ANS-Uses: increase pain free walking in patients with peripheral arterial disease,
claimed to improve memory, sharpen concentration and promote clear thinking
Action: improves blood flow via vasodilation and decreased platelet aggregation
Caution: increased risk of bleeding with aspirin and anticoagulants

Glucosamine - ANS-Uses: osteoarthritis
Action: may slow osteoarthritis by stimulating cartilage and synovial tissue metabolism
ADRs: N, D, heartburn, constipation
Caution: shellfish allergies
Interactions: antiplatelets and anticoagulants

Probiotics - ANS-Uses: beneficial bacteria and yeast for IBS, ulcerative colitis and c-diff
Action: prevent pathogenic bacteria overgrowth in gut
ADRs: flatulence and bloating
Caution: do not use same time as antibacterial and antifungal medications

Resveratol - ANS-Uses: antiaging antioxidant, protects from chronic disease
Action: increases longevity of cells
ADRs: few
Caution: antiplatelet effects, estrogen dependent breast cancer patients, and antidiabetic
patients

Soy - ANS-Uses: prevention of breast cancer in post menopausal women, treatment of hot
flashes, prevention of osteoporosis
Action: mixed estrogen/antiestrogen effects
ADRs: few
Cautions: estrogen dependent breast cancer patients, not with tamoxifen

St. John's Wort - ANS-Uses: depression
ADRs: well tolerated, allergy if allergic to ragweed and daisies, CNS effects, GI effects, fatigue,
HA, phototoxicity
Caution: can induce hepatic enzymes that decrease effects of several conventional drugs

Valerian - ANS-Uses: promotes sleep
Effectiveness: not supported
ADRs: daytime drowsiness, dizziness, depression
Caution: pregnancy or breastfeeding, while driving

Zinc - ANS-Uses: shorten duration of common cold
Formulations: lozenge (Cold-eze) or nasal spray (Zicam)

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