Exam (elaborations)
NUR 2060 Vitamins Review (1)
- Course
- NR 667 VISE
- Institution
- NR 667 VISE
NUR 2060 Vitamins Review (1)
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NUR 2060 Vitamins ReviewVitamins are - ANS-essential for healthy life must be obtained from outside source, most from a
balanced diet
Fat Soluble - ANS-hydrophobic stored, watch for toxicity
- Vitamins A, D, E, K
- accumulate in the SQ fat
Water soluble - ANS-hydrophilic, not stored in the body because it is excreted through the urine,
toxicity rare
- vitamins B complex and vitamin C
- rapidly eliminated form the body
Vitamin A (Retinol) - ANS-Action
- eyes: adaptation to dim light
- embryogenesis
- spermatogenesis
- immunity
- growth
- skin and mucous membranes
- found in dairy products, meat, fish, dark fruits and vegetables
Vitamin D - ANS-Action
- calcium & phosphorus metabolism
Deficiency
- Children at risk for rickets
- adults at risk for osteomalacia
Sources
- exposure to sunlight, milk and other dairy products, cereal
Vitamin E - ANS-Action
- antioxidant
- may have a role in preventing cardiovascular disease and cancer
Sources
- vegetable oils, whole wheat products
Vitamin K - ANS-Actions
- synthesis of prothrombin and other clotting factors
, - coagulation of blood
- antagonist for oral anticoagulants
- antidote for warfarin
Deficiency
- bleeding
Water soluble vitamins - ANS-- vitamin C (ascorbic acid)
- Thiamin (Vitamin B1)
- Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
- Niacin (Nicotinic Acid, Vitamin B3)
- Folic Acid (Folacin, Folgard, Vitamin B9)
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) - ANS-Action
- synthesis of adrenal steroids
- conversion of folic acid to folonic acid
- regulation of respiratory cycle in mitochondria
- required for production of collagen
- antioxidant
Deficiency
- Scurvy
Sources
- citrus fruits, tomatoes, potatoes, strawberries, melons, spinach, broccoli
Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) - ANS-Action
- essential co-enzyme for carbohydrate metabolism
Deficiency
- beriberi (pain & paralysis extremities, heart failure, severe weight loss)
- common among alcoholics causing Wernike-Korsakoff syndrome
Sources
- pork, whole grain products (bread & cereals)
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) - ANS-Action
- an enzyme for multiple oxidative reactions
Sources
- milk, yogurt, cheese, bread, fortified cereals
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