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NUR 2060 - Fluid Electrolytes (1)

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NUR 2060 - Fluid Electrolytes (1)

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  • July 22, 2024
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  • 2023/2024
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NUR 2060 - Fluid Electrolytes
Isotonic Contraction - ANS-Both H2O and Na lost proportionally

Tx = isotonic solution

Causes of Isotonic Contraction - ANS-Vomiting

Diarrhea

Sweating

Hypertonic Contraction - ANS-H2O loss > Na loss

Tx = hypotonic solution

Causes of Hypertonic Contraction - ANS-Fever

Polyuria

Decreased H2O intake

Increased Na intake

Excessive sweating

End stage renal failure

Hypotonic Contraction - ANS-H2O loss < Na loss

Tx = hypertonic solution

Causes of Hypotonic Contraction - ANS-Adison's Disease

Cystic Fibrosis

Hypotonic Fluid administration

Long-term Diuretic use

Hypotonic solution - ANS-H2O > osmolytes

, 0.45% normal saline (1/2 normal saline)

Hypertonic solution - ANS-H2O < osmolytes

3% or 5% normal saline

Isotonic solution - ANS-H2O = osmolytes

0.9% normal saline

lactated ringers

5% dextrose in water (D5W)

Hyponatremia - ANS-Na < 135 mEq/L

Hypernatremia - ANS-Na > 145 mEq/L

Hyponatremia S/Sx - ANS-Muscle weakness

Diminished reflex

Personality Changes (lethargic behavior)

Headaches

Increased bowel motility

CV changes (related to volume changes)

Hypernatremia S/Sx - ANS-Muscle twitches/Irregular contractions

seizures

agitation

skeletal muscle weakness

stupor/coma

decreased cardiac contractility

decreased urine output

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