Exam (elaborations)
NUR 2060 - Fluid Electrolytes (1)
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NUR 2060 - Fluid Electrolytes (1)
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NUR 2060 - Fluid ElectrolytesIsotonic Contraction - ANS-Both H2O and Na lost proportionally
Tx = isotonic solution
Causes of Isotonic Contraction - ANS-Vomiting
Diarrhea
Sweating
Hypertonic Contraction - ANS-H2O loss > Na loss
Tx = hypotonic solution
Causes of Hypertonic Contraction - ANS-Fever
Polyuria
Decreased H2O intake
Increased Na intake
Excessive sweating
End stage renal failure
Hypotonic Contraction - ANS-H2O loss < Na loss
Tx = hypertonic solution
Causes of Hypotonic Contraction - ANS-Adison's Disease
Cystic Fibrosis
Hypotonic Fluid administration
Long-term Diuretic use
Hypotonic solution - ANS-H2O > osmolytes
, 0.45% normal saline (1/2 normal saline)
Hypertonic solution - ANS-H2O < osmolytes
3% or 5% normal saline
Isotonic solution - ANS-H2O = osmolytes
0.9% normal saline
lactated ringers
5% dextrose in water (D5W)
Hyponatremia - ANS-Na < 135 mEq/L
Hypernatremia - ANS-Na > 145 mEq/L
Hyponatremia S/Sx - ANS-Muscle weakness
Diminished reflex
Personality Changes (lethargic behavior)
Headaches
Increased bowel motility
CV changes (related to volume changes)
Hypernatremia S/Sx - ANS-Muscle twitches/Irregular contractions
seizures
agitation
skeletal muscle weakness
stupor/coma
decreased cardiac contractility
decreased urine output
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