Exam (elaborations)
SPH- H160 Exam 2- APPLEGATE (1).
SPH- H160 Exam 2- APPLEGATE (1).
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SPH- H160 Exam 2- APPLEGATEDiabetic Emergencies - ANS-the body does not produce correct amount of insulin (HS: 36-37)
2 major types of Diabetic Emergency - ANS-Diabetic Coma and Insulin Shock
Diabetic Coma - ANS-Hyperglycemia, too much sugar (fruity/alcoholic breath)
Insulin Shock - ANS-Hypoglycemia, not enough sugar
Signs/Symptoms of a Diabetic Emergency - ANS-irritable, confused, sleepy, sweaty,
hungry/thirsty, weak, (seizure)
be aware can be combative
Diabetic Emergency Care - ANS-provide sugar/ juice IF they can sit up and swallow; if no better
call 911
Ex: glucose tablets, orange juice, jelly beans, etc.
be aware can be combative
Seizures - ANS-abnormal electricity in the brain (CP: 6-10, HS: 36-40)
Seizure Causes - ANS-can be unknown or due to trauma, especially to the head; also: low
blood sugar, heat-related injury, sudden cardiac arrest, epilepsy
Seizure Care - ANS-cushion the head, move all furniture/objects away to prevent injury,
reassure the victim/ stay calm
-Do NOT restrain the victim or put things in their mouth
Stroke - ANS-disruption of blood flow to part of the brain causing damage to brain tissue (HS:
38 CP); blood stop flowing to a part of teh brain
Recognizing Stroke - ANS-F.A.S.T.
F.A.S.T. - ANS-face, arms, speech, time
-face drooping, arm weakness, speech difficulty, time to phone 911
, Stroke Care - ANS-position paralyzed/ affected side down to increase blood flow; reassure and
care for shock
Stroke Prevention - ANS-control blood pressure, don't smoke, control diabetes, exercise, proper
diet
Fainting - ANS-a short period of time when person briefly stops responding then seems fine,
often gets dizzy then becomes unresponsive (HS: 36- 37)
Fainting Care - ANS-help person lie flat on floor, call 911 if becomes unresponsive/ doesn't
improve
CPR - ANS-a combination of rescue breaths and chest compressions. Meant to circulate
oxygen throughout the blood
Difference between Sudden Cardiac Arrest and Heart Attack - ANS-Heart attacks lead to
cardiac arrest (HS: 34)
Signs of a Heart Attack - ANS-chest discomfort longer than 3-5 sec, shortness of breath,
nausea, dizziness, ashen and sweating
Note: Women, elderly, and diabetic patients more likely to have difficult symptoms (or denial of
symptoms)
Compression depths - ANS-Adult and child: 2 in compression depth
Infant: 1 ½ in compression depth
Rate of CPR compressions - ANS-100 bpm (Stayin Alive)
2 rescuer CPR - ANS-when help arrives if victim unresponsive; one rescuer chest compressions
and other on rescue breaths/AED (BLS:29-30)
AED's - ANS-Automated External Defibrillator
Early CPR can help a cardiac arrest victim
Note: most cardiac arrests occur away from the system.
SAMPLE - ANS-method of patient history
-Signs and Symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Past history, Last oral intake, Events leading up
to event
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