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PLTW Biomed Unit 2 Study Guide (3)
PLTW Biomed Unit 2 Study Guide (3)
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PLTW Biomed Unit 2 Study GuideDiabetes - ANS-A disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels(Blood Sugar) in your
blood stream
Where is glucose from? - ANS-Carbohydrates
What is insulin produced by? - ANS-Pancreas
Cause of diabetes - ANS-Insufficient production of insulin or the inability of the insulin to function
properly to push glucose into your cells
Diabetes Mellitus - ANS-Greek word that means "Honey sweet flow". Comes from the time
when doctors would taste patients urine to determine if they had glucose in their bloodstream.
Glucose - ANS-Source of fuel for our body/cells and comes from the food we eat and digest.
Number of Americans with diabetes - ANS-23.6 million
Normal Glucose level in blood - ANS-70-115 mg/dL
Anna's Glucose Level - ANS-425 mg/dL
Symptoms of Diabetes(10) - ANS-Frequent urination,
Unusual thirst,
Extreme hunger,
Extreme Fatigue,
Irritability,
Cuts and bruises slow to heal,
Tingling in hands and feet,
Recurring skin and gum infection,
Bladder infection,
Unusual weight loss.
Why do foot blood vessels constrict and harden? - ANS-Diabetes.
True/False: Doctors always check the feet of people with diabetes. - ANS-True
Dry Gangrene - ANS-Occurs when tissue dies because the blood supply is interrupted and
oxygen is not carried by RBCs to the tissue.
Necrosis - ANS-Death of tissue
, Wet Gangrene - ANS-Can be caused by an infection of the bacteria, injury, or complication of
long term condition that restricts circulation to cells and tissue.
Clostridium Perfringens - ANS-A type of bacteria that causes wet gangrene
Gangrene - ANS-Death of tissue, smells like rotting meat
Type 1 Diabetes - ANS-The Pancreas Beta cells do not produce enough insulin, and the body's
immune system destroys the beta cells.
Type 2 Diabetes - ANS-When cell insulin receptors become resistant to insulin, the cells won't
allow the insulin to function properly and glucose doesn't enter the cell.
2% of the pancreas... - ANS-is beta cells that sense glucose in the blood and release the
necessary amount of insulin
98% of the pancreas... - ANS-Performs digestive and metabolic processes.
Steps For diagnosing diabetes(4) - ANS-Patient histories
Fasting plasma glucose test
Insulin level testing
Glycated hemoglobin test
Patient Histories - ANS-Case histories, physical exams, blood tests, urine tests.
Fasting Plasma Glucose Test(FPG) - ANS-Monitors amount of glucose in blood plasma over a
period of time, usually two hours.
Gestational Diabetes(Pregnancy) monitored
Insulin Level Testing - ANS-Used to determine if a patient has Type one or two diabetes.
Glycated hemoglobin test(A1C) - ANS-Measures the percentage of your hemoglobin that is
coated with sugar (Glycated)
Normal Result for a Glucose tolerance test - ANS-Glucose does not rise much and falls to
normal within two to three hours.
What must the Insulin test be preformed in conjunction with? - ANS-A GTT, or a Glucose
tolerance test.
Type of Diabetic Anna is - ANS-Type 1
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