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PLTW Biomed MI_ 1.2 Antibiotic Treatment Study Guide (1)
PLTW Biomed MI_ 1.2 Antibiotic Treatment Study Guide (1)
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PLTW Biomed MI: 1.2 Antibiotic Treatment StudyGuide
Antibiotic - ANS-A substance produced or derived from a microorganism and able in dilute
solution to inhibit or kill another microorganism
Antibiotic Resistance - ANS-Resistsnce to one or more antibiotics, usually due to additional
genetic information
Conjugation - ANS-The one way transfer of DNA between bacteria in cellular contact
Nucleoid - ANS-The DNA containing area of a bacterial cell
Plasmid - ANS-A small ring of DNA that carries accessory genes separate from those of the
bacterial chromosome
Transduction - ANS-The transfer of genetic material from one organism (such as a bacterium) to
another by a genetic vector
Transformation - ANS-The genetic modification of a bacterium by incorporation of free DNA
from anothrt ruptured bacterial cell
How do antibiotics work to fight bacterial infection? - ANS-Antibiotics kill foreign bacteria in the
human body to eliminate contamination from the human body
What methods do bacteria use to share antibiotic resistance genes? - ANS-There are 3 different
ways bacterial cells share resistance:
-Transformation-> when one bacterium take DNA from a dead bacterium
-Conjugation-> "cell sex" bacteria is in direct contact with another and the genetic material is
transferred
-Transduction-> virus picks up genetic material from one bacterium and gives it to another
What actions are humans taking that are contributing to bacteria becoming resistant to
commonly used antibiotics? - ANS--Humans are feeding livestock antibiotics in their food and
we consume. This gives the bacteria in our body the chance to fight off the little dose of that
antibiotic and learn how to fight it later (resistance)
-Human over consumption makes antibiotic lose their affect
-Humans do not finish the prescription given to them and bacteria learn to fight that antibiotic
What is the difference between gram positive and gram negative bacterium cell structure? -
ANS-The difference lies in the structure, the gram positive cell has a thick cell wall while the
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