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Geology Chapters 1-3 Final Exam Prediction Questions and Answers.
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Geology Chapters 1-3 Final Exam Prediction Questions and Answers. Which of the below is studied under the discipline of historical geology but not physical geology? a. physical aspects of Earth materials b. how the Earth works as a whole c. processes that operate on the Earth's surfac...

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  • July 26, 2024
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  • 2023/2024
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  • geology chapters 1 3 final exam prediction questio

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Geology Chapters 1-3 Final Exam Prediction Questions and Answers.
Which of the below is studied under the discipline of historical geology but not physical geology?
a. physical aspects of Earth materials
b. how the Earth works as a whole
c. processes that operate on the Earth's surface
d. biological changes overtime
e. processes that operate below the Earth's surface - CORRECT ANSWER d. biological changes overtime
Aside from avoiding geological hazards, why else do we study geology?
a. Geology is also studied to learn how to completely prevent geological hazards from occurring
b. Geology is also studied to learn how to locate and extract resources that are necessary for life and industry
c. Geology is also studied in an attempt to cause the global sea level to rise
d. Geology is studied as a sole resource to place monetary values on precious metals e. Geology is studied as an attempt to figure out how to colonize other planets in the solar system - CORRECT ANSWER b. Geology is also studied to learn how to locate and extract resources that are necessary for life and industry
The doctrine of _________ held that the major features of the surface of the earth were created by sudden, short-lived, violent events.
a. uniformitarianism
b. gradualism
c. metamorphism
d. catastrophism
e. evolution - CORRECT ANSWER d. catastrophism
How did Aristotle's explanations about the natural world influence progress in geological research?
a, His explanations propelled geologic research over the next several centuries, resulting in the presently
accepted principle of uniformitarianism
b. His explanations were considered to be the authority on the subject, which inhibited the acceptance of novel scientific ideas for many centuries
c. His explanations were and still are considered to be the authority on the subject.
d. His explanations were immediately rejected, which led to a lull in scientific progress e. His explanations propelled geologic research over the next several centuries, resulting in the presently
accepted doctrine of catastrophism - CORRECT ANSWER b. His explanations were considered to be the authority on the subject, which inhibited the acceptance of novel scientific ideas for many centuries
When contrasting catastrophism with uniformitarianism,
a. catastrophism was published first and proposed that all of Earth's landscapes were formed by a single catastrophic event, whereas uniformitarianism, which was published over a century later, proposed that
the physical, chemical, and biological processes that operate today have also operated in the geologic past.
b. catastrophism was published first, and it proposed that Earth's landscapes were formed by catastrophic events. On the other hand, uniformitarianism was published over a century later and proposed that the physical, chemical, and biological processes that operate today have also operated in the geologic past.
c. catastrophism was published first and proposed that Earth's landscapes were formed by catastrophic events, whereas uniformitarianism, which was published over a century later, proposed that all of Earth's landscapes were formed by a single - CORRECT ANSWER b. catastrophism was published first, and it proposed that Earth's landscapes were formed by catastrophic events. On the other hand, uniformitarianism was published over a century later and proposed that the physical, chemical, and biological processes that operate today have also operated in the geologic past.
How old is Earth?
a. 4.6 billion years old
b. 4.6 million years old
c. 460 million years old
d. 4600 years old e. 46 billion years old - CORRECT ANSWER a. 4.6 billion years old
Why must geologists understand the magnitude of geologic time?
a. The magnitude of geologic time spans billions of years and thus differs greatly from the magnitude of time people deal with on an everyday basis (e.g., hours, weeks).
b. Most fossils are found in the very oldest rocks on Earth, dating back 4600 years ago.
c. Most fossils are found in the very oldest rocks on Earth, dating back 4600 million years ago.
d. Geologic time deals mostly in 1000-year increments.
e. The magnitude of geologic time spans thousands of years and thus differs greatly from the magnitude of time people deal with on an everyday basis (e.g., hours, weeks). - CORRECT ANSWER a. The magnitude of geologic time spans billions of years and thus differs greatly from the magnitude of time people deal with on an everyday basis (e.g., hours, weeks).
A(n) ___ is a tentative explanation, whereas a(n) ____ has survived extensive scrutiny over many years.
a. theory; hypothesis
b. observation; hypothesis
c. hypothesis; theory
d. theory; observation
e. result; hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER c. hypothesis; theory

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