100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Previously searched by you
Previously searched by you
logo
NSG 460 Neuro Study Guide with Questions and Correct Answers CA$14.37   Add to cart
Quickly navigate to
Preview
  2.  
  3. NURS 460
  4.  
  5. NURS 460

Exam (elaborations)

NSG 460 Neuro Study Guide with Questions and Correct Answers
 5 views  0 purchase
  • Course
  • NURS 460
  • Institution
  • NURS 460

Can changes in mental status be minimal? - YES Mental status is a spectrum. Changes in mental status do not go from one extreme to another, it can be as subtle as restlessness and confusion Acute mental status change - when a patient has a change from their usual baseline Many causes from many sys...

[Show more]

Preview 2 out of 10  pages

Document information

  • August 2, 2024
  • 10
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

  • nsg 460 neuro study guide with questions and corre
  • can changes in mental status be minimal yes me
  • acute mental status change when a patient has a

Written for

  • NURS 460
  • NURS 460

Seller

avatar-seller
twishfrancis

Reviews received

Content preview

NSG 460 Neuro Study Guide with Questions and Correct A nswers Can changes in mental status be minimal? ✅- YES Mental status is a spectrum. Changes in mental status do not go from one extreme to another, it can be as subtle as restlessness and confusion Acute mental status change ✅- when a patient has a change from their usual baseline Many causes from many systems - neuro: infection, tumor, trauma, CVA, psychiatric - CV/pulm: MI, PE, hypotension - systemic (changes in fluid and electrolytes): hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, ammonia AEIOU TIPS for altered mental status ✅- A: ALCOHOL - E: ELECTROLYTE, ENDOCRINE, EPILEPSY, ECP. Hypernatremia is the most common electrolyte abnormality causing AMS. Hypo or hyperthyroidism. Addisonian crisis. Hypo/hyperglycemia (DKA and HHS). Metabolic or toxic encephalopathy. Epilepsy - I: INFECTION. Particularly sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock situations. CNS infections (meningitis, encephalitis) are also common - O: OVERDOSE, OPIOID, OXYGEN. Drug overdoses such as benzos, TCA, SSRI, OPIOID are common causes. Hypoxemia causes agitation. Hypercapnia causes drowsiness - U: UREMIA. There are three significant components of serum osmolarity that affect mental status. Urea is one of them. Any increase of a component in calculated osmolality results in high osmolarity which causes disequilibrium which results in AMS - T: TRAUMA, TEMPERATURE, TOXICITY. For toxicity, look "O". Trauma to the head may cause a concussion, bleeding or DAI. But, hypovolemic shock and obstructive shock (e.g. Tension pneumothorax) should also be considered. Hyperthermia and hypothermia affect mental status, esp in extreme ages. - I: INSULIN. Insulin is a drug that can affect mental status in patients with diabetes type I and cases presented with a suicidal attempt - P: PSYCHOSIS. We should eliminate any pathology caused by various disease and drugs first. However , we need to keep in mind that acute or chronic psychological problems may cause AMS. - S: SHOCK, SEPSIS, SOL, SAH. Shock situations, sepsis, space -occupying lesions, subarachnoid hemorrhage should be considered in patients where clinical findings are relevant. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) ✅- a scale used to assess the degree of mental status changes - 14-15 = mild. Someone who is confused, awake and alert - 9-13= moderate - 8 or less = severe. Typically call them comatose (varying degrees of this) Criteria for GCS ✅EYE OPENING (4) - spontaneous = 4 - to voice = 3 - to touch = 2 - none = 1 VERBAL RESPONSE (5) - oriented = 5 - confused = 4 - inappropriate = 3 - incoherent = 2 - none = 1 MOTOR RESPONSE (6) - follows commands (6) - localizes pain (5) - withdraws from pain (4) - decorticate (3) - decerebrate (2) - none (1) Cranial nerves responsible for cardinal signs of gaze ✅- III: oculomotor - IV: trochlear - VI: abducens Cranial nerves ✅- O: olfactory. Smell - O: optic. Sight - O: oculomotor. Eye movement - T: trochlear. Eye movement - T: trigeminal: face sensation and chewing - A: abducens. Eye movement - F: facial. Face sensation - A: auditory/vestibulocochlear. Hearing - G: glossopharyngeal. Throat sensation, taste and swallowing - V: Vagus. Movement , GAG REFLEX!! (protective mechanism) - A: accessory. Neck movement - H: hypoglossal. Tongue movement Pupils ✅- controlled by cranial nerve 3 - used to assess problems with neuro impacted pt - REACTIVITY IS MORE IMPORTANT What is more important with pupils, the size or reactivity ✅- REACTIVITY

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller twishfrancis. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for CA$14.37. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

75759 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling
CA$14.37
  • (0)
  Add to cart