100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Previously searched by you
Previously searched by you
logo
GE 2000 Exam 3 Earthquakes, Volcanoes, Glaciers Exam with 100% Verified Answers CA$21.74   Add to cart
Quickly navigate to
Preview
  2.  
  3. GE 2000
  4.  
  5. GE 2000

Exam (elaborations)

GE 2000 Exam 3 Earthquakes, Volcanoes, Glaciers Exam with 100% Verified Answers
 6 views  0 purchase
  • Course
  • GE 2000
  • Institution
  • GE 2000

GE 2000 Exam 3 Earthquakes, Volcanoes, Glaciers Exam with 100% Verified Answers Why and how do earthquakes occur? - CORRECT ANSWER-Energy that is released when brittle earth material fails and forms a new fault or slip occurs on an existing fault Where do earthquakes occur? - COR...

[Show more]

Preview 2 out of 6  pages

Document information

  • August 2, 2024
  • 6
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

  • ge 2000 exam 3 earthquakes volcanoes glaciers e
  • why and how do earthquakes occur
  • know how seismic waves are used to study the str

Written for

  • GE 2000
  • GE 2000

Seller

avatar-seller
TIFFACADEMICS

Reviews received

Content preview

GE 2000 Exam 3 Earthquakes,
Volcanoes, Glaciers Exam with 100%
Verified Answers
Why and how do earthquakes occur? - CORRECT ANSWER-Energy that is released
when brittle earth material fails and forms a new fault or slip occurs on an existing fault

Where do earthquakes occur? - CORRECT ANSWER-Mostly along plate boundaries
(tectonic earthquakes). Other sources are volcanoes, landslides, meteorite impacts,
new hydroelectric projects, nuclear blasts, mining explosions/cave-ins

P wave (primary wave) - CORRECT ANSWER--The fastest velocity, first to arrive (~6.1
km/second)
-Compressional wave
-Elastic deformation of rock is in the direction of wave propagation

s wave (secondary and shear wave) - CORRECT ANSWER--slower than the P-wave
(4.1 km/sec)
-deformation is perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation
-shear can be polarized vertically or horizontally
-can't travel through liquids (requires material to have shear strength)

Surface waves - CORRECT ANSWER--manifestation of P and S waves (body waves)
at the surface
-slowest velocity, but least attenuation with distance
-travel furthest
-large surface waves would have amplitudes of a few cm
-exhibit a lower frequency than body waves
-Two types: Love and Rayleigh

Rayleigh Wave - CORRECT ANSWER-type of seismic wave that travels over the
surface and has an up-and-down motion

Love Wave - CORRECT ANSWER-type of seismic wave that travels over the surface
and has a side-to-side motion

know how a seismograph works - CORRECT ANSWER--During an earthquake, ground-
shaking seismic waves radiate outward from the quake source, called the epicenter
-Different types of seismic waves travel at different speeds and through different parts of
the Earth during a quake.

, know how an earthquake is located - CORRECT ANSWER-Guess a location, depth and
origin time; compare the predicted arrival times of the wave from your guessed location
with the observed times at each station; then move the location a little in the direction
that reduces the difference between the observed and calculated times.

know how to calculate the distance between a seismometer and an epicenter -
CORRECT ANSWER-Measure the difference in arrival times between the first shear (s)
wave and the first compressional (p) wave, which can be interpreted from the
seismogram. Multiply the difference by 8.4 to estimate the distance, in kilometers, from
the seismograph station to the epicenter.

know how seismic waves are used to study the structure of the Earth's interior -
CORRECT ANSWER-As seismic waves pass through the Earth, they are refracted, or
bent, like rays of light bend when they pass though a glass prism.

know numerical relationships between earthquake shaking, earthquake energy, and
magnitude - CORRECT ANSWER-Magnitudes are based on a logarithmic scale (base
10). What this means is that for each whole number you go up on the magnitude scale,
the amplitude of the ground motion recorded by a seismograph goes up ten times.
Using this scale, a magnitude 5 earthquake would result in ten times the level of ground
shaking as a magnitude 4 earthquake (and about 32 times as much energy would be
released).

know what the Mercalli Index represents - CORRECT ANSWER-A Measure of Intensity
(destructiveness); descriptive scale

know what the Richter magnitude represents and the numerical relationship between
magnitudes - CORRECT ANSWER-- Based on the amplitude of the largest P or S wave
- Correction for distance
- Representative of the intensity of ground shaking

Shortcomings of the Richter Scale - CORRECT ANSWER--Instrument specific
-Based on California geology
-Doesn't account for duration
-Underestimated the size of large earthquakes

know what the moment magnitude scale is based on, what it measures, and the
numerical relationship between different magnitudes - CORRECT ANSWER--
representative of energy release
-Seismic moment = rock strength x surface area of rupture x amount of rock
displacement
-Each increase in magnitude = ~ 30x increase in energy release!

know how seismic waves behave in the earth - how and why velocity, direction and
wave amplitude changes - CORRECT ANSWER--Seismic energy propagates as elastic
waves, and therefore depends on the elastic properties of the rock:

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller TIFFACADEMICS. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for CA$21.74. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

75632 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling
CA$21.74
  • (0)
  Add to cart