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A&P Lecture I Delgado - Test #1 Latest(2024/2025) Questions and Answers 100% Correct.

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Anatomy - study of structure (size, shape, color, weight, location, composition) Physiology - study of function (the contribution to the body) Why are anatomy and physiology studied together? - The structure of a part of the body often reflects its function. Homeostasis - maintaining a stable i...

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  • August 3, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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A&P Lecture I Delgado - Test #1

Anatomy - study of structure (size, shape, color, weight, location, composition)



Physiology - study of function (the contribution to the body)



Why are anatomy and physiology studied together? - The structure of a part of the body often
reflects its function.



Homeostasis - maintaining a stable internal environment within the body



Two sub disciplines of anatomy - Cell biology and histology



Two sub disciplines of physiology - exercise physiology and immunology



List the six levels of structural organization - 1) Chemical Level (atoms & molecules)

ex. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

2) Cellular Level

ex. muscle cells

3) Tissue Level

ex. connective tissue

4) Organ Level

ex. heart

5) System Level

ex. Digestive System

6) Organism Level

ex. human

,List the 11 organ systems of the body - 1. Integumentary

2. Reproductive

3. Urinary

4. Digestive

5. Endocrine

6. Lymphatic

7. Skeletal

8. Nervous

9. Muscular

10. Cardiovascular

11. Respiratory



Which two organ systems serve as control centers in negative feedback loops controlling homeostasis? -
Cardiovascular System and Endocrine System



How is a person's homeostasis challenged throughout the day? - by either

-external environment i.e. heat

-internal environment i.e. skip breakfast - glucose level drops



List three components of a feedback loop - 1) receptor - monitors changes

2) control center - evaluates information received & generates commands

3) effector - produces a response



Negative feedback loops - reverses a change in a controlled condition or negates original stimulus



ex. Rise in blood pressure, heart rate increases

or room temp gets to hot, A/C kicks on

, Positive feedback loop - enhance a change in one of the body's controlled conditions



ex. labor contractions during birth of baby

or microphone detecting voice



Disorder - any abnormality of structure or function



Disease - illness characterized by a recognizable set of signs and symptoms



Symptom - subjective changes in body functions that are not apparent to an observer



ex. headache, nausea, dizziness



Sign - objective changes that is measurable and may not be obvious to patient but detectable by a
doctor



ex. fever, hypertension, elevated glucose level



Why do anatomy and physiology involve such a large collection of terms? - allows us to
communicate clearly and precisely



Describe standard anatomical position. - -facing observer

-standing upright

-legs slightly apart

-arms at side

-palms facing forward



Meaning of right and left in anatomy - when observing the body in anatomical position, the left of
the body is on the observer's right & vice versa

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