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Endocrine System Discovery Vocab Guaranteed Success 1. What is the primary function of the anterior pituitary gland? - Answer: Often referred to as the "master endocrine gland," the anterior pituitary regulates the functioning of many other endocrine glands by producing and releasing various ...

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  • August 3, 2024
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Endocrine System Discovery Vocab Guaranteed Success


1. What is the primary function of the anterior pituitary gland?

- Answer: Often referred to as the "master endocrine gland," the anterior pituitary regulates the
functioning of many other endocrine glands by producing and releasing various hormones.



2. What hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland?

- Answer: It secretes six amino acid-based hormones:

- Growth Hormone (GH)

- Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

- Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

- Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

- Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

- Prolactin (PRL)

- TSH and ACTH are involved in kidney functions, while ACTH and Prolactin play roles during childbirth,
and FSH/LH are categorized as gonadotropins.



3. What effects do the hormones of the anterior pituitary gland have on the body?

- Answer: They regulate various functions including growth, metabolism, and the activity of the
adrenal glands.



### Posterior Pituitary Gland



4. What characterizes the posterior pituitary gland?

- Answer: Composed mainly of neural tissue, this gland primarily releases hormones that are produced
by neuronal cells, known as neurohormones.



5. What hormones are released by the posterior pituitary gland?

, - Answer: Hormones are released in response to action potentials sent down the axons of
hypothalamic neurons. The key hormones include oxytocin (often referred to as the "love hormone")
and antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which plays a significant role in osmoregulation.



6. What is the impact of the posterior pituitary hormones in the body?

- Answer: Oxytocin is involved in uterine contractions and bonding, while ADH regulates water
retention in the kidneys.



### Hypothalamus



7. What role does the hypothalamus play in the body?

- Answer: Its primary function is to maintain homeostasis. The hypothalamus is termed a
"neuroendocrine organ" because it acts as a bridge between the nervous and endocrine systems.



8. How does the hypothalamus affect the body?

- Answer: It regulates multiple bodily processes, particularly those related to stress management and
digestion, and influences sex hormone levels.



9. What hormones are produced by the hypothalamus?

- Answer: The hormones secreted include:

- Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)

- Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH)

- Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone (GHRH) and Inhibiting Hormone (GHIH)

- Prolactin-Releasing Hormone (PRH) and Prolactin-Inhibiting Hormone (PIH)

- Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH)



### Thyroid Gland



10. What is the thyroid gland's significance?

- Answer: Known as the largest pure endocrine gland in the human body, it consists of two lobes and is
supplied by two major arteries.

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