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Grade 11 Biology- Genetics All Answers Correct

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Grade 11 Biology- Genetics All Answers Correct Key Terms in Cell Division and Genetics 1. What is cell theory? - Answer: Cell theory states that: 1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells. 2. New cells arise only from pre-existing cells through the process of cell divi...

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  • August 3, 2024
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Grade 11 Biology- Genetics All Answers Correct
Key Terms in Cell Division and Genetics



1. What is cell theory?

- Answer: Cell theory states that:

1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.

2. New cells arise only from pre-existing cells through the process of cell division.



2. Define mitosis.

- Answer: Mitosis is a type of cell division in which a daughter cell receives the same number of
chromosomes as the parent cell.



3. What occurs during cytokinesis?

- Answer: Cytokinesis is the process where the cytoplasm of a cell divides, completing the cell division
process.



4. What is interphase?

- Answer: Interphase is the phase between nuclear divisions when a cell grows, doubles its cytoplasmic
content, and replicates its chromosomes.



5. What is chromatin?

- Answer: Chromatin is a complex of DNA and protein found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, where
the DNA is not tightly coiled.



6. What role does the centromere play in cell division?

- Answer: The centromere is the structure that holds sister chromatids together until they are
separated during mitosis.



7. How are sister chromatids defined?

, - Answer: Sister chromatids are identical copies of a chromosome, each linked to the other by a
centromere, remaining attached until mitosis occurs.



8. What function do centrioles serve in animal cells?

- Answer: Centrioles are small protein structures found in the cytoplasm of animal cells that play a role
in cell division.



9. What are spindle fibers and their purpose?

- Answer: Spindle fibers are protein structures that assist in guiding chromosomes during the cell
division process.



10. What happens during early prophase?

- Answer: In early prophase, chromosomes become shorter and thicker, centrioles move to opposite
ends of the cell, and spindle fibers begin to form.



11. What occurs in late prophase?

- Answer: During late prophase, chromosomes condense further, centrioles assemble, spindle fibers
attach to the centromeres, and the nuclear membrane begins to dissolve.



12. Describe the metaphase stage of mitosis.

- Answer: In metaphase, chromosomes align at the equatorial plate, and the nuclear membrane
completely disintegrates.



13. What happens during anaphase?

- Answer: During anaphase, the centromeres split, allowing the sister chromatids, now called
chromosomes, to move towards opposite poles of the cell.



14. What is involved in telophase?

- Answer: In telophase, chromosomes lengthen again, spindle fibers dissolve, and a new nuclear
membrane forms around each set of chromosomes, resulting in two nuclei with a total of 46 unique
chromosomes in humans.

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