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Biology genetics and heredity with complete answers
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  • Biology Genetics And Heredity With Complete Answer

Biology genetics and heredity with complete answers 1. What is phenotype? - Answer: Phenotype refers to observable traits of an organism, such as hair color, flower color, or plant height. 2. What occurs during fertilization? - Answer: Fertilization is the process where a sperm cell merge...

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  • August 3, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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Biology genetics and heredity with complete answers


1. What is phenotype?

- Answer: Phenotype refers to observable traits of an organism, such as hair color, flower color, or
plant height.



2. What occurs during fertilization?

- Answer: Fertilization is the process where a sperm cell merges with an egg cell to form a zygote.



3. Define dominant allele.

- Answer: A dominant allele is one that masks the expression of another allele for a particular trait.



4. What is a recessive allele?

- Answer: A recessive allele is one that is concealed by the presence of a dominant allele for a specific
trait.



5. What does genetics study?

- Answer: Genetics is the branch of biology that explores how traits and characteristics are inherited
from parents to their offspring.



6. What is heredity?

- Answer: Heredity refers to the transmission of traits from parents to their offspring.



7. What is an allele?

- Answer: An allele is an alternative form of a gene, such as tall vs. short or brown vs. blue.



8. Define homozygous.

- Answer: An individual is described as homozygous when it possesses two identical alleles for a
specific trait.

, 9. What is a gene?

- Answer: A gene is a segment of a chromosome that is responsible for coding a particular trait.



10. What are homologous chromosomes?

- Answer: Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes that are similar in size, shape, and
genetic content.



11. What defines a heterozygous individual?

- Answer: A heterozygous individual has two different alleles for a given trait.



12. What is a genotype?

- Answer: The genotype is the genetic composition of an individual, represented by combinations such
as Rr, RR, or rr.



13. What does haploid mean?

- Answer: Haploid refers to a condition where an organism has one copy of each chromosome.



14. What is meiosis?

- Answer: Meiosis is a specialized form of cell division that results in the production of haploid
gametes.



15. Define diploid.

- Answer: Diploid describes a state in which an organism has two copies of each chromosome.



16. What is a gamete?

- Answer: Gametes are the reproductive cells, specifically the sex cells involved in reproduction.



17. What is a polygenic trait?

- Answer: Polygenic traits are those controlled by multiple genes, examples include skin color, hair
color, and eye color.

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