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Biology: Genetics, Biology Genetics
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Biology: Genetics, Biology Genetics Key Genetic Terms and Concepts 1. Dominant Allele - Definition: An allele that is fully expressed in the phenotype of a heterozygote, requiring only one copy to manifest the dominant trait. - Example: In the genotype Tt, the dominant allele is represent...

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  • August 3, 2024
  • 4
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • biology genetics biology genetics

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  • Biology: Genetics, Biology Genetics
  • Biology: Genetics, Biology Genetics
  • Biology: Genetics, Biology Genetics
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Biology: Genetics, Biology Genetics
Key Genetic Terms and Concepts



1. Dominant Allele

- Definition: An allele that is fully expressed in the phenotype of a heterozygote, requiring only one
copy to manifest the dominant trait.

- Example: In the genotype Tt, the dominant allele is represented by the uppercase T.



2. Recessive Allele

- Definition: An allele whose phenotype is masked in the presence of a dominant allele within a
heterozygote. Two copies are needed to express the recessive trait.

- Example: In the genotype Rr, the recessive allele is represented by the lowercase r.



3. Genotype

- Definition: The genetic composition or set of alleles of an organism.

- Examples: Genotypes may include PP, Pp, or pp.



4. Phenotype

- Definition: The observable physical and physiological traits of an organism, which result from its
genotype.



5. Punnett Square

- Definition: A diagram used to predict the genotypic outcomes of random fertilization during genetic
crosses between individuals with known genotypes.



6. Homozygous

- Definition: Having two identical alleles for a particular gene.

- Examples: RR or rr.



7. Heterozygous

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