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2024 BIO 1108 SONORAN DESERT EXAM 3 WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 BIO 1108 SONORAN DESERT EXAM 3 WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 BIO 1108 SONORAN DESERTEXAM 3 WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS
what kind of niche partitioning is responsible for Sonoran Winter Annual
diversity - CORRECT ANSWERS-temporal- different species succeed at
different years
same spot, same resources, different times in order to coexist
desertification feedback - CORRECT ANSWERS-global warming--> increased
drought--> less plant cover--> more erosion and reduced soil moisture-->
increased drought
climatic effects of climate change - CORRECT ANSWERS-precipitation-->
more will happen in storms (more precipitation intensity less frequent),
spatially variable, increasing drought and flooding, shifting weather patterns,
less snow
winter annuals and their desert environment - CORRECT ANSWERS-winter is
only good growing season- summer too hot and spring too dry
annuals germinate, grow, and set seed in a single growing season
winter precipitation unpredictable, most rain comes in small increments
migration - CORRECT ANSWERS-a way organisms will respond to changes in
climate
shifting of species range
species expected to move poleward and upward in order to stay in optimal
range
upward would be easiest- change climate over altitudes much faster
climate envelopes - CORRECT ANSWERS-the set of environmental/climatic
conditions that an organism requires in order to survive
phenological mismatch - CORRECT ANSWERS-a way organisms will respond
to changes in climate
phenology is timing of seasonal changes in plants and animals
plants might flower before insects emerge, migration and plant growth can
affect food availability
, neutral theory - CORRECT ANSWERS-species are so similar that neither
outcompetes the other
coexist by being so similar that neither wins
2 problems with photosynthesis - CORRECT ANSWERS-1. in order to get CO2,
plants lose a lot of water
2. photorespiration
photorespiration - CORRECT ANSWERS-rubisco (enzyme that fixes/reduces
CO2) binds to O2 by mistake when conditions are right
bad for plants bc wastes energy and carbon
some reactants (ATP) that would usually be used for Calvin Cycle fix oxygen
instead
plants evolved C4 and CAM to avoid this
when does photorespiration occur - CORRECT ANSWERS-O2 concentration is
high or when it is hot- so Sonoran Desert
lower CO2 concentration, higher O2 concentration (happens when stomata
are closed, often done to conserve water in warm areas)
higher temps- rubisco develops affinity for oxygen
C4 and CAM photosynthesis and difference between normal photosynthesis -
CORRECT ANSWERS-regular (C3 photosynthesis) plants fix CO2 into a 3C
molecule in leaves where light reactions also occurs and O2 is produced
C4 and CAM separate O2 from Calvin Cycle
C4 photosynthesis - CORRECT ANSWERS-corn, millet
spatial separation
converts CO2 into a 4C sugar in a separate cycle (takes energy)
4C sugar MOVED to a different cell then converted back to CO2, then fixed in
the Calvin cycle
CAM photosynthesis - CORRECT ANSWERS-cacti, pineapple
temporal separation
convert CO2 into a 4C sugar in a separate cycle (takes energy)
4C sugar STORED at night then converted back to CO2, then fixed in the
Calvin Cycle
night- stomata open, not afraid of losing water at night
tradeoff of CAM and C4 - CORRECT ANSWERS-requires ATP to convert and
move CO2 around
tradeoff of expending this energy is worth the benefit of reducing H2O loss
when photorespiration is happening at a high rate
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