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NURS 219 Exam 4 Pt 1 Questions and Correct Answers
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Circulatory system is composed of vessels, fluid, pump Structures of circulation arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venues, veins Arteries vs veins - Arteries have higher pressure, more muscle, less stretch - Veins are low pressure (valves help bring blood back to heart, don't have much musc...

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  • August 4, 2024
  • 8
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • nurs 219 exam 4 pt 1 questions and correct answers
  • circulatory system is composed of vessels fluid
  • structures of circulation arteries arterioles c

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  • NURS 219

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NURS 219 Exam 4 Pt 1 Questions and
Correct Answers
Circulatory system is composed of ✅vessels, fluid, pump

Structures of circulation ✅arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venues, veins

Arteries vs veins ✅- Arteries have higher pressure, more muscle, less stretch
- Veins are low pressure (valves help bring blood back to heart, don't have much
muscle)

Blood flow ✅- depends on differences between pressure in the arterial and venous
vessels

Resistance ✅length and diameter of blood vessels, viscosity

Velocity ✅V decreases as blood moves from aorta to capillaries

Vascular compliance ✅volume the vessel can accommodate for a given increase in
pressure

Heart ✅- pumps 2.4 ox of blood per beat
- weighs about 1 lbs
- size of a fist

Left heart ✅- thick walled ventricle
- high pressure pump
- receives blood from lungs
- pumps to systemic circulation

Right heart ✅- thin-walled ventricle
- low pressure pump
- receives blood from systemic circulation
- pumps to lungs

Flow through chambers ✅Body> right atrium > right ventricle> lungs> left atrium> left
ventricle

Which is the only vein in the body that carries oxygenated blood? ✅pulmonary

Which is the only artery that carries deoxygenated blood? ✅pulmonary

, Structures that direct circulation through the heart ✅pericardium
Myocardium
Endocardium

Pericardium ✅- protects against inflammation and infection
- prevents displacement of the heat
- pain receptors, elicit changes in BP and HR

Myocardium ✅- thickest layer
- cardiac muscle

Endocardium ✅- internal lining of myocardium
- connects with arteries, capillaries, and veins to create continuous closed system

Cardiac cycle ✅1. Diastole: atria fill, all valves closed
2. Diastole: increased atrial pressure opens AV valves, ventricles fill
3. Systole begins: atria contract and empty, ventricles are full
4. Systolel ventricles begin contraction, pressure closes AV, aorta relax
5. Systole: ventricles contract, increase pressure in ventricles, aortic and pulmonary
valves open, blood ejected into aorta and pulmonary artery
6. Diastole: ventricles empty, ventricles relax, aortic and pulmonary valves close

Right coronary artery ✅- conus: supplies R upper ventricle
- right marginal branch: supplies R ventricle
- posterior descending: supplies to smaller branches of both ventricles

Left coronary artery ✅- Left anterior descending: supplies left and right ventricle
- circumflex artery: supplies left atrium and lateral wall of left ventricle

Coronary blood flow is higher during.. ✅diastole than during systole
- determined by pressure gradient
- diastole: 2/3 resting
- systole: 1/3 contracting

Collateral circulation ✅- some arterial anastomoses exist within circulation
- when occlusion occurs slowly over a period of time, there is a change of collateral
circulation to develop

Myocardial metabolism ✅- cardiac muscle depends on ATP
- used for muscle contraction and relaxation and electrical excitation

Cardiac output ✅- volume of blood ejected by a ventricle in 1 min: normal adult is
5L/min
- cardiac output= hrxsv

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