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Cardiac conduction and dysrhythmias exam 2 part 1 (1)
Cardiac conduction and dysrhythmias exam 2 part 1 (1)
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Cardiac conduction and dysrhythmias exam 2 part 1Change in membrane potential—NORMAL cardiac action potential
Movement of charged particles in and out of the cell
Exchange of Na+/Ca++/K+
Dysrhythmias are disruptions in cardiac conduction pathway
Asymptomatic-pt may not have a clue
Lethal (loss of CO)
just bc pt doesn't feel anything doesn't mean nothing is wrong - ANS-Cardiac Action potential
SA node (right top corner- r. atria, SVC)—pacemaker of the heart, 60-100 beats/min
SA node sends signal to left and right atria at same time
AV node- gatekeeper of heart electrical system, sends impulse to go from atria to ventricles
about 40-60 beats per min, if SA node fails
Septum- center part of heart, divide, goes to the ventricles via the bundle of his
Bundle of his- goes to R and L bundle branches, impulse ends in purkinje fibers, after this
(purkinje fibers) then that is ventricles contract
JUST electrical issues talking about now!!
Have to have electrical and mechanical working together or cardiac ouput goes down -
ANS-cardiac action potential impulse starts at...
ventricular pacer cells kick in, only at 40 beats per minute
If even these fail—purkinje fibers can generate ventricular rhythym of 20 beats per
minute—worse case scenario - ANS-IF SA and AV node fail
60-100 bpm - ANS-SA node electrophysiology
40-60 bpm - ANS-AV node electrophysiology
20-40 bpm - ANS-purkinje fibers electrophysiology
only seeing once view instead of all 12 views as in an ecg or ekg
only 5 leads
clouds over grass (white over green)
smoke over fire (black over red)
, V1 center of chest over sternum - ANS-telemetry monitor
12 views of the heart with 10 leads,
do not put leads on bony prominences or hair - ANS-12 lead ekg
Measures time in seconds
Each tiny box is 0.04 seconds, it is 1 mm in height
Measure amplitude (height) for an MI
Dark lines create a larger box= .02 seconds (5 smaller boxes x 5 smaller boxes) - ANS-reading
an EKG
P Wave
PR Segment
QRS complex
ST segment
T wave
U wave **
isoelectric line - ANS-components of a waveform
ST segment - ANS-segment that is important for heart attack
rare- when purkinje fibers are repolarizing, particularly in drug toxicities part. Digoxin toxicitiy -
ANS-U wave
No electrical activity
Membrane resting potential
Right on the base
Normal part of wave form
Do not want an EXTENDED time period of this
Need to pay attention if waves come back to isoelectric line=normal - ANS-isoelectric line
Initiation of the impulse in the SA node
Depolarization of the atria- ATRIA CONTRACT
SA node is sending electrical impulse
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