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Clinical Psychology (EPPP) Study Exam Questions & Answers.
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Clinical Psychology (EPPP) Study Exam Questions & Answers. Clinical Psychology - CORRECT ANSWER - the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological and behavioral disorders Assumptions of Psychodynamic Therapies - CORRECT ANSWER - human behavior is motivated by unconscious processes - e...

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  • August 7, 2024
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Clinical Psychology (EPPP) Study Exam
Questions & Answers.

Clinical Psychology - CORRECT ANSWER - the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological and
behavioral disorders



Assumptions of Psychodynamic Therapies - CORRECT ANSWER - human behavior is motivated by
unconscious processes

- early development has a profound effect on adult functioning

- universal principles explain personality development and behavior

- insight into unconscious processes is a key component of therapy



Freudian Psychoanalysis - CORRECT ANSWER - human beings are determined by irrational forces,
unconscious motivations, biological and instinctual needs and drives, and psychosexual events that
occur during the first five years of life



Freud's Personality Theory - CORRECT ANSWER - composed of two theories: structural (drive) theory
and developmental theory



Structural Theory

(Freud) - CORRECT ANSWER - the personality is composed of three structures: the id, ego, and superego



Id - CORRECT ANSWER - present at birth and consists of the person's life and death instincts

- operates on pleasure principle and seeks immediate gratification of its instinctual drives in order to
avoid tension



Ego - CORRECT ANSWER - develops at six months of age

- operates ont eh reality principle that defers gratifcation until an appropriate object is available in
reality and employs thinking

- mediates conflicting demands of pleasure and reality

,Superego - CORRECT ANSWER - develops between four and five years

- represents an internalization of society's values and standards

- attempts to permanently block socially unacceptable drives



Developmental Theory

(Freud) - CORRECT ANSWER - emphasizes the sexual drives of the id and proposes that an individual's
personality is formed during childhood as a result of certain experiences during psychosexual stages of
development

- over or undergratification of a person's sexual needs during a stage is associated with different
personality outcomes



Oral Stage - CORRECT ANSWER - Freud's first stage of personality development, from birth to about age
2, during which the instincts of infants are focused on the mouth as the primary pleasure center.



Anal Stage - CORRECT ANSWER - Freud's second stage of psychosexual development where the primary
sexual focus is on the elimination or holding onto feces. The stage is often thought of as representing a
child's ability to control his or her own world.



Phallic Stage - CORRECT ANSWER - Freud's third stage of personality development, from about age 4
through age 7, during which children obtain gratification primarily from the genitals.



Latency Stage - CORRECT ANSWER - Freud's fourth stage of psychosexual development where sexuality
is repressed in the unconscious and children focus on identifying with their same sex parent and interact
with same sex peers.



Genital Stage - CORRECT ANSWER - Freud's last stage of personality development, from the onset of
puberty through adulthood, during which the sexual conflicts of childhood resurface (at puberty) and
are often resolved during adolescence).



Defense Mechanisms - CORRECT ANSWER - occur when the ego is unable to ward off danger through
rational, realistic means

- these operate on an unconscious level and deny or distort reality

, (danger or anxiety helps alert the ego to impending threats, such as conflict between the id and the
superego)



Repression - CORRECT ANSWER - defense mechanism in which id's drives are excluded from conscious
awareness by maintaining them in the unconscious



Reaction Formation - CORRECT ANSWER - defense mechanism in which one avoids an anxiety evoking
instict by doing the opposite



View of Psychopathology

(Freudian) - CORRECT ANSWER - maladaptive behavior results from an unconscious, unresolved conflict
that occurred during childhood



Psychoanalytic Therapy - CORRECT ANSWER - goal is to reduce symptoms by bringing the unconscious
into conscious awareness and integrating previously repressed material into the personality

- use free associations, dreams, resistances, and transferences to confront, clarify, interpret, and work
through



Free Associations - CORRECT ANSWER - a method in psychotherapy where a patient is encouraged to sit
back, relax, free his/her mind, refrain from trying to be logical, and report every image or idea that
enters his/her awareness, usually in response to some word or picture that the therapist provides as an
initial stimulus



Psychic Determinism - CORRECT ANSWER - belief that all behaviors are meaningful and serve some
psychological function

- ex slips of tongue (parapraxes) are expressions of unconscious motives



Psychoanalytic Therapy:

Confrontation - CORRECT ANSWER - making statements that help the client see her behavior in a new
way



Psychoanalytic Therapy:

Clarification - CORRECT ANSWER - restating the client's remarks and feelings in clearer terms

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