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2024 HESI PEDIATRIC PRACTICE EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 HESI PEDIATRIC PRACTICEEXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
The mother of a 2 yr old boy consults the nurse about her son's increased
temper tantrums. The mother states, "yesterday he threw a fit in the grocery
store and I did not know what to do. I was so embarrassed. What can I do if
this occurs again?" Which recommendation is best for the nurse to provide
this mother? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Walk away from him and ignore the
behavior
(the best approach for a toddler is to ignore the attn seeking behavior. The
parent should be somewhat nearby, w/in view of the child but should avoid
reinforcing the behavior in any way. Tantrums can sometimes be avoided by
talking to the child before the situation occurs)
The nurse is giving pre-op instructions to a 14 yr old female scheduled for
surgery to correct a spinal curvature. Which stmt best demonstrates that
leaning has taken place? - CORRECT ANSWERS-"I understand that I will be in
a body cast and I will show you how you taught me to turn"
The nurse is caring for a 12 yr old w/ SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate
antidiruetic hormone). this child should be carefully assessed for which
complication? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Chgs in LOC
(The child must be monitored for s/s hypOnatremia, which creates secondary
CNS alterations such as chgs in LOC, seizure, and coma. Fluid overload
occurs w/ SIADH)
A 4 yr old girl continues to interrupt her mom during a routine clinic visit. The
mom appears irritated w/ the child and asks the nurse "Is this normal
behavior for a child this age?" The nurse's response should be based on
which info? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Children need to retain a sense of initiative
w/out impinging on the rights and privileges of others
(children 3-6 are in Erickson's "Initiative vs Guilt" stage, which is
characterized by vigorous, intrusive behavior, enterprise, and strong
imagination. At this age, children dvp a conscience and must learn to retain
a sense of initiative w/out impinging on the rights of others.
1-3 yrs is shame vs doubt
3-6 yrs is initiative vs guilt
,6-12 yrs is industry vs inferiority
12-18 yrs is identity vs role confusion)
To take the v/s of a 4 month old, which ordered will give the most accurate
results? - CORRECT ANSWERS-RR - HR - rectal temp
During routine screening at a school clinic, an otoscope exam reveals a
tympanic mb that is pearly gray, slightly bulging, and not movable. What
action should the nurse take next? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Ask the child if they
have had a cold, runny nose, or any ear pain lately
Which restraint should be used for a toddler after a cleft palate repair? -
CORRECT ANSWERS-Elbow
What pre-op nsg intervention should be included in the POC for an infant w/
pyloric stenosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Observe for projectile vomiting
(remember that projectile vomiting leads to metabolic alkalosis)
A 6 month old returns from surgery w/ elbow restraints in place. What nsg
care should be included when caring for any restrained child? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Remove the restraints one at a time and provide ROM exercises
(Removing them 1 at a time is safer than all at once)
A 2 yr old w/ Down syndrome is brought to the clinic for his regular physical
exam. The nurse knows which problem is requently associated w/ Downs? -
CORRECT ANSWERS-Congenital heart disease
(CHD is the most common associated defect w/ Downs. - also, remember
Professor Moore said that heart and ear problems go hand in hand)
When assessing a child w/ asthma, the nurse should expect intercostal
retractions during - CORRECT ANSWERS-Inspriation
When planning the care for a child who has had a cleft lip repair, the nurse
know that crying should be minimized because it - CORRECT ANSWERS-
Stresses the suture line
A full-term infant is admitted to the newborn nursery. After careful
assessment, the nurse suspects that the infant may have an esophageal
atresia. Which sx's is this newborn likely to have exhibited? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Choking , coughing, and cyanosis
(this answer includes the 3 "C"s of esophageal atresia caused by the
overflow of secretions to the trachea)
, Which behavior would the nurse expect a 2 yr old to exhibit? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Display possessiveness of toys
(they are egocentric and unable to share w/ others)
the other of a preschool-aged child asks the nurse if it is all right to
administer Pepto Bismol to her son when he has a tummy ache. After
reminding her to check the label of all OTC meds for the presence of ASA,
which instruction should the nurse include when replying to the mom's
question? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Do not give if they have chicken pox, the
flue, or any other viral illness
(ASA can cause Reye's syndrome)
the nurse observes a 4 yr old boy in a daycare. Which behavior should the
nurse consider normal for this child? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Demonstrates
aggressiveness by boasting when telling a story
A burned child is brought to the ER. In estimating the % of body burned, the
nurse uses a modified "Rule of Nines." Which part of the body is calculated
as a larger % of total body surface than an adult? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Head
and neck
(a child's head and neck are proportionately larger to their body than an
adult's)
The nurse receives a lab report stating a child w/ asthma has a theophylline
level of 15mcg/dL. What action will the nurse take? - CORRECT ANSWERS-
Pass the info on in the report
(therapeutic level is 10-20)
A 12 month old is admitted w/ a respiratory infection and possible
pneumonia. He is placed in a mist tent w/ O2. Which nsg intervention has the
greatest priority? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Have a bulb syringe readily available
to remove secretions
(patent airway has the highest priority. Humidification will liquefy the nasal
secretions - thereby increasing the amt of secretions and making that a
priority)
All of the following interventions can be used to eval the effectiveness of nsg
and medical interventions used to tx diarrhea. Which intervention is the least
useful in the nurse's eval of a 20 month old child? - CORRECT ANSWERS-
Assessing the fontanels
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