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CISC 110 Final Study Guide Exam Questions & Answers 2024/2025

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CISC 110 Final Study Guide Exam Questions & Answers 2024/2025 all-in-one computer - ANSWERSA compact desktop computer with an integrated monitor. bioinformatics - ANSWERSA field of study in which information technology is applied to the field of biology. client - ANSWERSA personal compu...

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  • August 8, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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CISC 110 Final Study Guide Exam
Questions & Answers 2024/2025

all-in-one computer - ANSWERSA compact desktop computer with an integrated monitor.



bioinformatics - ANSWERSA field of study in which information technology is applied to the field of
biology.



client - ANSWERSA personal computer that connects to a server.



computer - ANSWERSA programmable machine that converts raw data into useful information.



convergence - ANSWERSThe integration of technology on multifunction devices, such as smartphones,
that has accustomed us to carrying technology with us.



data - ANSWERSThe unprocessed, or raw form of information.



desktop computer - ANSWERSA personal computer that is designed to sit on the user's desk.



distributed computing - ANSWERSThe distribution of the processing of a task across a group of
computers.



embedded computer - ANSWERSA specialized computer found in ordinary devices such as gasoline
pumps, supermarket checkouts, traffic lights, and home appliances.



ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer)— - ANSWERSThe first working, digital, general-
purpose computer.



ergonomics - ANSWERSThe study of the relationship between workers and their workspaces.

,GPS (global positioning system) - ANSWERSA system of 24 satellites that transmit signals that can be
picked up by a receiver on the ground and used to determine the receiver's current location, time, and
velocity through triangulation of the signals.



green computing - ANSWERSThe efficient and eco-friendly use of computers and other electronics.



grid computing - ANSWERSDistributed computing using a few computers in one location.



handheld - ANSWERSSee mobile device.



information - ANSWERSThe processed, useful form of data.



information processing cycle (IPC) - ANSWERSThe process a computer uses to convert data into
information. The four steps of the IPC are input, processing, storage, and output.



integrated circuit - ANSWERSA silicon chip that contains a large number of tiny transistors.



Mac - ANSWERSA personal computer manufactured by Apple. Also referred to as a Macintosh.



mainframe - ANSWERSA large multiuser computer that can perform millions of transactions in a day.



microprocessor - ANSWERSThe chip that contains the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer.



minicomputer - ANSWERSThe smallest multiuser computer. Users connect to a minicomputer via dumb
terminals, which have no processing capabilities of their own.



mobile device - ANSWERSA device such as a PDA (personal digital assistant), Pocket PC, or smartphone. A
pocket-sized computer we carry with us wherever we go.

,Moore's Law - ANSWERSAn observation made by Gordon Moore in 1965 that the number of transistors
that can be placed on an integrated circuit had doubled roughly every 2 years. The current trend is closer
to doubling every 18 months and is expected to continue for another 10 to 20 years.



multiuser computer - ANSWERSA system that allows multiple, simultaneous users to connect to it,
allowing for centralized resources and security. Multiuser computers are also more powerful than
personal computers.



netbook - ANSWERSA lightweight, inexpensive notebook computer designed primarily for Internet
access. Netbooks have built-in wireless capabilities, but have small screens and offer limited computing
power and storage.



notebook - ANSWERSA portable personal computer. Also referred to as a laptop.



PC - ANSWERSA small microprocessor-based computer designed to be used by one person at a time.



personal computer - ANSWERSSee PC.



server - ANSWERSA multiuser computer system that provides services such as Internet access, e-mail, or
file and print services, to client systems.



supercomputer - ANSWERSA very expensive computer system that is used to perform complex
mathematical calculations such as those used in weather forecasting and medical research.



tablet PC - ANSWERSwhat resembles a notepad or tablet. They include a special digital pen or stylus that
allows the user to write directly on the screen.



transistor - ANSWERSA tiny electric switch used in second generation computers.



ubiquitous computing (ubicomp) - ANSWERSTechnology recedes into the background and becomes part
of our environment.

, vacuum tube - ANSWERSA tube that resembles an incandescent light bulb and was used in first
generation computers.



video game system - ANSWERSA computer that is designed primarily to play games.



volunteer computing - ANSWERSA form of distributed computing that relies on the processing power of
hundreds or thousands of volunteer's personal computers.



wearable - ANSWERSA computer designed to be worn on the body.



workstation - ANSWERSA high-end desktop computer or one that is attached to a network in a business
setting.



AGP (accelerated graphics port) - ANSWERSThe standard analog video port on computer manufactured
before 2009.



adaptive technology - ANSWERSSoftware and hardware used by individuals with disabilities to interact
with technology. Also called assistive technology.



ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) - ANSWERSAn 8-bit binary code set with
256 characters.



arithmetic logic unit (ALU) - ANSWERSThe part of a processor that performs arithmetic (addition and
subtraction) and logic (AND, OR, NOT) calculations.



binary code - ANSWERSA code that represents digital data as a series of 0s and 1s that can be
understood by a computer.



binary number system (base-2) - ANSWERSThe base-2 number system that only has the digits 0 and 1.



biometric scanner - ANSWERSA scanner that measures human characteristics such as fingerprints and
eye retinas.

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