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Katy Wallis SCF Endocrine system study guide Questions And Answers With 100% Correct Answers
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In general, which hormones would be the longest acting? (to answer this, know how binding proteins affect length of effectiveness and which hormones would be bound) - Steroid, lipid derivatives, they have carrier protein. This form of intercellular communication uses chemical messengers to trans...

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  • August 10, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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Katy Wallis SCF Endocrine system study
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In general, which hormones would be the longest acting? (to answer this, know how binding proteins
affect length of effectiveness and which hormones would be bound) - Steroid, lipid derivatives,
they have carrier protein.



This form of intercellular communication uses chemical messengers to transfer information from cell to
cell within a single tissue (through extracellular fluid). - Paracrine



This form of intercellular communication is used by cardiac muscle cells to coordinate muscle
contraction... How is information transferred from cell to cell in this form of communication? What is the
other example we talked about that uses this? - direct, cilia movement EX. Respiratory tract



This form of intercellular communication utilizes NT that travel across a synaptic cleft to a target cell -
synaptic



Endocrine glands secrete hormones into the __________________ and have ____________________
effects. - blood stream, intracellular



Exocrine glands release secretions via ____________ onto ___________________ and have
_________________ effects. - duct, epithelial surface, extracellular



Which regulatory system do we utilize to handle urgent stresses (when a quick response is needed)? -
nervous system



Which regulatory system do we utilize to control growth, development, reproduction and metabolism? -
Endocrine



When the Endocrine System is used to regulate the body it typically results in what kind of effect? (think
timing and targets) - widespread effect, long lasting

, Endocrine communication results in what (especially compared to synaptic communication)? (again,
think timing and targets) - widespread and long lasting and maintain long last effect EX. growth
reproduction

Concentration of a hormone can do what? - Does NOT determine sensitivity, can change the
amount of receptor it has to influence sensitivity

Which class of hormones includes small molecules synthesized from the amino acid tryptophan or
tyrosine?... Give examples. Do these bind intracellularly or extracellularly? - Amino acid
derivatives, Ex.thyroid hormones (tyrosine)intracellularly, melatonin (tryptophan) extracellularly.




What class of hormones consist of chains of amino acids? Do these bind intracellularly or extracellularly?
- peptides, extracellularly (need second messengers to except the effects on site)



Which hormones bind to intracellular receptors? - lipids, thyroid hormones



Why do some hormones travel in the blood bound to a carrier protein? How does this affect their
clearance? Their time of effectiveness? - give solubility in the blood. decrease clearance,
lengthens the amount of time it takes to clear them, in the body longer. Increases time of effectiveness.

This form of intercellular communication utilizes chemical messengers released into the bloodstream. -
Endocrine



The presence of a hormone ___________ determines a cell's ________to a hormone. -
RECEPTOR, sensitivity



When would hormone receptors be "down-regulated"? How would this affect sensitivity to a particular
hormone? - When there is high hormone concentration. Decrease amount of receptors. Less
sensitive.



How about upregulated? - Add more receptors when hormone concentration is low. More
sensitive.



When do cells become more sensitive to a hormone? - when levels are low

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