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Biology 114 Exam 2 Questions and Correct Answers
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Cytokinesis in an animal cell Forms cleavage furrow due to microfilaments Cytokinesis in a plant cell Forms cell plate to divide the cell into two Phospholipid Bilayer Has glycerol backbone, 1 phosphate, and 2 fatty acids Hydrophilic heads Hydrophobic tails Acts as a barrier to separate inside ce...

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  • August 11, 2024
  • 7
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • biology 114 exam 2 questions and correct answers
  • cytokinesis in an animal cell forms cleavage furr
  • cytokinesis in a plant cell forms cell plate to d

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  • BIO 114
  • BIO 114

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Biology 114 Exam 2 Questions and
Correct Answers
Cytokinesis in an animal cell ✅Forms cleavage furrow due to microfilaments

Cytokinesis in a plant cell ✅Forms cell plate to divide the cell into two

Phospholipid Bilayer ✅Has glycerol backbone, 1 phosphate, and 2 fatty acids
Hydrophilic heads
Hydrophobic tails
Acts as a barrier to separate inside cell from outside cell

Integral Protein ✅Spans membrane and imbedded INSIDE

Peripheral Protein ✅Loosely associated with outer or inner SURFACE

Carbohydrates ✅Sugars associated with OUTER SURFACE ONLY

Passive Transport ✅No energy required (no ATP)

Diffusion ✅Movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to low
concentration (concentration gradient) (DOWNHILL)

SImple Diffusion ✅Substance passes directly through phospholipid bilayer

Selective Permeability ✅Membrane allows passage of same substances but not others

Osmosis ✅Diffusion of WATER;
Movement of water through membrane from an area of high water (low solute) to low
water (high solute)
Ex - Molasses Experiment where water entered molasses solution and the level rises
over time

Tonicity ✅Relative solute concentration of two solutions

Hemolysis ✅Cell swells/Explodes (Hypotonic)

Crenation ✅Cell shrivels (Hypertonic)

Turgor Pressure ✅Plant cells swell with water coming in, does not burst because of
cell wall (Hypotonic)

, Plasmolysis ✅Plant cells shrivel with loss of water moving out of the cell (Hypertonic)

Facilitated Diffusion ✅Passive transport aided by integral membrane protein

Channel Proteins ✅Passageway/tunnel inside integral membrane protein
Ex - Water channel, Ion channel

Carrier (Integral) Proteins ✅Integral membrane protein that changes shape when a
solute binds
Ex - Sugars, Amino acids

Active Transport ✅Requires energy (ATP)
Movement of a substance through a membrane from an area of low concentration to
high concentration (UPHILL)
Needs integral membrane protein

Endocytosis ✅Uptake of large molecules and particles by forming new vesicles from
the plasma membrane

Phagocytosis (Type of endocytosis) ✅CELL EATING
Uptake of very large particles

Pinocytosis (Type of endocytosis) ✅CELL DRINKING
Uptake of fluid and solutes
No psuedopods

Receptor Mediated (Type of endocytosis) ✅Substrate first binds to a membrane
protein receptor before entering a vesicle
Highly specific

Exocytosis ✅Secretion of large molecules from the cell by the fusion of vesicles with
the plasma membrane
Secretory Pathway

Secretory Pathway ✅Endoplasmic Reticulum ---> Golgi ---> Secretory Vesicles
Fuses with membrane to discharge substances

Is bulk transport passive or active? ✅Active

Metabolism ✅Sum of all chemical reactions in a cell

Catalyst ✅Speed up reactions

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