Exam (elaborations)

PHAR121 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Practice Exam

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Course
PHAR 121 (PHAR121)

Institution
University Of Saskatchewan (USask )

Use active recall to complete this practice exam that asks in-depth questions about all the material learned in PHAR121 under the cardiovascular and diabetes modules.

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Uploaded on August 11, 2024
Number of pages 26
Written in 2022/2023
Type Exam (elaborations)
Contains Only questions

practiceexam
questions
phar121
diabetes
cardiovascular
pathophysiology
pharmacology
practice
material
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exam

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Hypertension Part 1 – 1. General Review of CV System
Is the right heart or left heart more concerning in terms of heart failure? Why?

Describe the first pass effect:

Draw a schematic of the heart and associated venous and arterial systems to help you
remember:

Name the heart valves associated with each:
Left atrium -> Left Ventricle:
Right atrium -> Right Ventricle:
Left ventricle -> Aorta:
Right ventricle -> Pulmonary Artery:
What would dysfunction in left atrium -> left ventricle cause?

Differentiate between capillaries in the following tissues:
Endocrine, small intestine, kidney:
Skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle:
Brain:
Describe venules and veins:

Describe lymphatic system:

What is blood pressure?

What is the issue with manual BP measurements? Describe the principles behind BP
measurement:

Based on this schematic, what is the blood pressure?

,Normal BP and resting HR:

What is the benefit of intermittent high blood pressure?

1.2 High Blood Pressure/Hypertension
Is high blood pressure a disease itself? Why or why not? If not, why do we care about it?

Differentiate between sustained and intermittent high blood pressure:

What are the two main consequences of high blood pressure that result in damage?
-
-
What are some of the other consequences of sustained hypertension?

Describe afterload. How can afterload be affected without the presence of high BP?

Healthy blood vessel walls are lined with a blanket of _____________ ______. What happens to
this structure with damage from high BP? Which diseases are arteries vulnerable to due to this
damage/dysfunction?

Hypertension Part 2 – 1.2 Pharmacology of Antihypertensives

, Name the possible pathophysiology of HTN:

The Kidney
How can the kidney play a role in HTN?

How is edema different from volume in vessels?

What do diuretics do?

Why is sodium absorption a part of our physiology if too much Na+ is a problem in diets?

Where are the three locations that Na+ reabsorption happens?

Describe what normal kidney function looks like:

How is sodium handled in different parts of the kidney?

Describe tubuloglomerular feedback:

What are the different classes of diuretics?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Loop Diuretics
What system do these diuretics inhibit? Explain

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