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Biology 121 Final Exam Review Questions and Correct Answers
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Prokaryotes are classified as belonging to two different domains. What are the domains? Bacteria and Archaea Life is organized in a hierarchical fashion. Which of the following sequences correctly lists that hieracrchy from least inclusive to most inclusive? molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, orga...

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  • August 13, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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  • biology 121 final exam review questions and correc
  • prokaryotes are classified as belonging to two dif
  • life is organized in a hierarchical fashion which

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Biology 121 Final Exam Review
Questions and Correct Answers
Prokaryotes are classified as belonging to two different domains. What are the
domains? ✅Bacteria and Archaea

Life is organized in a hierarchical fashion. Which of the following sequences correctly
lists that hieracrchy from least inclusive to most inclusive? ✅molecule, organelle, cell,
tissue, organ, organsystem, organism, population, community, ecosystem

About twenty-five of the ninety-two natural elements are known to be essential to life.
Which four of these twenty-five elements make up approximately 96 percent of living
matter? ✅carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen

The application of scientific knowledge for some specific purpose is known as
____________. ✅technology

Lactose, a sugar in milk, is composed of one glucose molecule joined by a glycosidic
linkage to one galactose molecule. How is lactose classified? ✅as a disaccharide

How does a scientific theory differ from a scientific hypothesis? ✅Theories are usually
an explanation for a more general phenomenon; hypotheses typically address more
specific issues.

A covalent chemical bond is one in which __________. ✅outer-shell electrons of two
atoms are shared so as to satisfactorily fill their respective orbitals

How do phospholipids interact with water molecules? ✅The polar heads interact with
water; the nonpolar tails do not.

Water has many exceptional and useful properties. Which is the rarest property among
compounds? ✅Solid water is less dense than liquid water.

Hydrophobic substances such as vegetable oil are ______. ✅nonpolar substances
that repel water molecules

Steroids are considered to be lipids because they ______. ✅are not soluble in water

The partial negative charge at one end of a water molecule is attracted to the partial
positive charge of another water molecule. What is this attraction called? ✅a hydrogen
bond

, Which of these provides evidence of common ancestry of all life? ✅near universality of
the genetic code

What is the difference between covalent bonds and ionic bonds? ✅Covalent bonds
include the sharing of electrons between atoms; ionic bonds involve the electrical
attraction between charged atoms.

How many electrons pairs does carbon share to complete its valence shell? ✅4

Which of these is an example of inductive reasoning? ✅Hundreds of individuals of a
species have been observed and all are photosynthetic; therefore, the species is
photosynthetic.

Proteins cannot be denatured by ✅freezing

Phospholipids and triglycerides both ______. ✅have a glycerol backbone

Nitrogen is more electronegative than hydrogen. Which of the following is a correct
statement about the atoms in ammonia? ✅Each hydrogen atom has a partial positive
charge; the nitrogen atom has a partial negative charge.

Bonds between two atoms that are equally electronegative are _______. ✅nonpolar
covalent bonds

Why are hydrocarbons insoluble in water? ✅The majority of their bonds are nonpolar
covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages.

Why is carbon so important in biology? ✅It can form a variety of carbon skeletons and
host functional groups.

What component of amino acid structure varies among different amino acids? ✅the
components of the R-group

Which level of protein structure do the alpha helix and the beta pleated sheet
represent? ✅secondary

Which of the following is the best explanation for why vegetable oil is a liquid at room
temperature while animal fats are solid? ✅Vegetable oil has more double bonds than
animal fats.

Which of the following best summarizes the relationshi[ between dehydration reactions
and hydrolysis? ✅Dehydration reactions assemble polymers; hydrolysis reactions
break polymers apart.

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