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Biology 121 Chapter 4 Review Questions and Correct Answers
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Bacteria prokaryotes that are members of the domain Bacteria, one of the three domains of living organisms; only distantly related to members of the domain Archaea. Basal body a structure derived from a centriole that produces a cilium or flagellum and anchors this structure within the plasma memb...

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  • August 13, 2024
  • 4
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • biology 121 chapter 4 review questions and correct
  • bacteria prokaryotes that are members of the doma
  • basal body a structure derived from a centriole t

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  • BIO 121

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Biology 121 Chapter 4 Review Questions
and Correct Answers
Bacteria ✅prokaryotes that are members of the domain Bacteria, one of the three
domains of living organisms; only distantly related to members of the domain Archaea.

Basal body ✅a structure derived from a centriole that produces a cilium or flagellum
and anchors this structure within the plasma membrane.

Cell theory ✅the scientific theory stating that every living organism is made up of one
or more cells; cells are the functional units of all organisms; and all cells arise from
preexisting cells.

Cell wall ✅a layer of material, normally made up of cellulose or cellulose-like materials,
that is outside the plasma membrane of plants, fungi, bacteria, and some protists.

Central vacuole ✅a large, fluid-filled vacuole occupying most of the volume of many
plant cells; performs several functions, including maintaining turgor pressure.

Centriole ✅in animal cells, a short, barrel-shaped ring consisting of nine microtubule
triplets; a pair of centrioles is found near the nucleus and may play a role in the
organization of the spindle; centrioles also give rise to the basal bodies at the base of
each cilium and flagellum that give rise to the microtubules of cilia and flagella.

Chrophyll ✅a pigment found in chloroplasts that captures light energy during
photosynthesis; chlorophyll absorbs violet, blue, and red light but reflects green light.

Chloroplast ✅the organelle in plants and plantlike protists that is the site of
photosynthesis; surrounded by a double membrane and containing an extensive
internal membrane system that bears chlorophyll.

Chromatin ✅the complex of DNA and proteins that makes up eukaryotic
chromosomes.

Chromosome ✅a DNA double helix together with proteins that help to organize and
regulate the use of the DNA.

Cilium ✅a short, hair-like projection from the surface of certain eukaryotic cells that
contains microtubules in a 9 + 2 arrangement. The movement of cilia may propel cells
through a fluid medium or move fluids over a stationary surface layer of cells.

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