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Bio 121 Unit 2 Exam Study Guide with Questions and Correct Answers
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What is a nucleosome made of? Eight histone proteins and two rounds of DNA double helix wrapping around those eight histone proteins What are the names of the histone proteins? H2a, H2b, H3, and H4 (two of each) What cells have a nucleosome? Eukaryotic cells What phase is interphase in? mitotic ...

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  • August 13, 2024
  • 5
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • bio 121 unit 2 exam study guide with questions and
  • what is a nucleosome made of eight histone prote
  • what are the names of the histone proteins h2a

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Bio 121 Unit 2 Exam Study Guide with
Questions and Correct Answers
What is a nucleosome made of? ✅Eight histone proteins and two rounds of DNA
double helix wrapping around those eight histone proteins

What are the names of the histone proteins? ✅H2a, H2b, H3, and H4 (two of each)

What cells have a nucleosome? ✅Eukaryotic cells

What phase is interphase in? ✅mitotic phase

In what phase does DNA replication take place? ✅the S phase on interphase

Interphase takes up what percent of the cell cycle? ✅the longest time

When does the centrosome replicate (duplicate)? ✅end of G1 and the beginning of S
phase

When is the centrosome duplication complete? ✅G2

When does the nuclear membrane fragment? ✅The end of prophase (reappears at
telophase)

What is a cohesive protein? ✅holds two sister chromatids together

What is a centrosome? ✅microtubule organizing center

When is the centrosome replicated? ✅interphase

What is a centromere? ✅waist structure of duplicated chromosomes where
kinetochores are formed

What do microtubules form? ✅mitotic spindles during mitosis and meiosis

How are spindles formed? ✅a-tubulin and b-tubulin proteins (through polymerization)

What is polymerization? ✅process in which large compounds are built by joining
smaller ones together

Microtubules grow from ______ and connect to _______ ✅centrosome; kinetochore of
duplicated chromosomes

, How do sister chromatids separate? ✅by depolymerization of microtubules from the
kinetochore side and degradation of cohesion proteins

Homologous chromosomes structure ✅Chromosomes that have the same sequence
of genes and the same length

Homologous Chromosomes ✅one of two paired chromosomes, one from each parent,
that carries genes for a specific trait at the same location

Alleles ✅different forms of a gene

What do duplicated homologous chromosomes form? When? ✅Tetrads during
prophase 1

Chromatid ✅replicated chromosome

Sister chromatids ✅two chromatids of a replicated chromosome

In what cells does mitosis occur? ✅Both somatic and reproductive cells

In what cells does meiosis occur?What do they form? ✅reproductive cells and
gametes

How does a zygote divide? Forms? ✅by mitosis and forms two daughter cells which
will divide further to form a multi cell embryo

How many chromosomes are there in a human somatic cell? ✅46 chromosomes (23
pairs)

How many chromosomes in a human egg or sperm? ✅23 chromosomes

What is the difference between cytokinesis of plants and animals? ✅plants have a cell
plate and animals form cleavage furrow

What is the name for bacterial cell division? ✅binary fission

In which cells do microtubules form within the nuclear membrane? ✅fungal yeast and
protist

What protein complex holds sister chromatids together? ✅cohesin complex

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