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BIO 121 Exam 1 Chapters 1-4 Review Questions and Correct Answers
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Environmental Science The scientific study of how the natural world works, how our environment affects us, and how we affect our environment Natural Resources the goods provided by the environment. Can be renewable or nonrenewable Ecosystem Services natural systems provided by the environment Ec...

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  • August 13, 2024
  • 11
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • bio 121 exam 1 chapters 1 4 review questions and c
  • environmental science the scientific study of how
  • natural resources the goods provided by the envir

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BIO 121 Exam 1 Chapters 1-4 Review
Questions and Correct Answers
Environmental Science ✅The scientific study of how the natural world works, how our
environment affects us, and how we affect our environment

Natural Resources ✅the goods provided by the environment. Can be renewable or
nonrenewable

Ecosystem Services ✅natural systems provided by the environment

Ecological Footprint ✅a quantitative measure of resource consumption based on the
cumulative area of biologically productive land and water

Two Big jumps in our population due to: ✅Agricultural Revolution and Industrial
Revolution

Environmentalism ✅a social movement dedicated to protecting the natural world from
undesirable changes brought on by human actions. NOT THE SAME AS
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

What does science do? ✅science is a systematic process for learning about the world
and testing our understanding of it

Observational(Descriptive) Science ✅Gather basic information (typically direct
observation)

Hypothesis-Driven Science ✅based on basic information of patterns and processes
and more targeted and structured

Scientific Method ✅1. Make an Observation
2. Ask a Question
3. Form a Hypothesis that answers the Question
4. Make a prediction based on the Hypothesis
5. Do an experiment to test the Hypothesis
6. Analyze results
7. Hypothesis is correct or incorrect
8. Report results and repeat if needed

Environmental Ethics ✅application of ethical standards to relationships between
people and nonhuman entities

, Anthropocentrism ✅human centered view

Biocentrism ✅ascribes inherent value to certain living things

Ecocentrism ✅judges actions in terms of their effects on whole ecological systems

John Muir ✅Preservation Ethic: people should protect the natural environment in a
pristine, unaltered state

Gifford Pinchot ✅Conservation Ethic: people should put natural resources to use but
that we have a responsibility to manage them wisely

Aldo Leopold ✅wrote "The Land Ethic" argue people should view themselves and the
land as members of the same community, therefor we must treat the land in an ethical
manner

Sustainability ✅living within our planet's means, such that the Earth can sustain all life,
including us, for the future

Lithosphere ✅rock and sediment

Atmosphere ✅surrounding air

Hydrosphere ✅all water (salt, fresh, brackish, liquid, ice, vapor, etc)

Biosphere ✅encompasses Earth's biotic and the abiotic portions they interact with

Negative Feedback ✅works to stabilize a system

Positive Feedback ✅drive a system towards an extreme, generally destabilizing

Matter ✅a material that has mass and occupies space as a solid, liquid, or gas

Law of Conservation of Matter ✅Matter may be transformed from one type of
substance to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed

Important elements for living organisms (NUTRIENTS) ✅carbon, nitrogen, calcium,
phosphorus

Increase in Carbon in ocean leads to... ✅acidification which decreases calcium
carbonate which prevents crustaceans from shell formation

Energy ✅an intangible phenomenon that can change position, physical composition, or
temperature of a matter

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