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EPPP: Biological Bases of Behavior Guaranteed Success Neuropsychological Conditions: - Delirium: Acute state of confusion that is abrupt and usually reversible. - Parkinson's Disease: A motor disease characterized by shaking, rigidity, slowness of movement, and difficulty walking, caused by a l...

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  • August 15, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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EPPP: Biological Bases of Behavior Guaranteed Success


Neuropsychological Conditions:

- Delirium: Acute state of confusion that is abrupt and usually reversible.

- Parkinson's Disease: A motor disease characterized by shaking, rigidity, slowness of movement, and
difficulty walking, caused by a lack of dopamine in the substantia nigra.

- Korsakoff's Syndrome: A neurological disease resulting in loss of declarative memory, caused by
depletion of thiamine (often due to long-term alcohol abuse).



Symptoms of Korsakoff's Syndrome:

- Anterograde amnesia: Inability to form new memories.

- Retrograde amnesia: Inability to recall memories prior to an event.

- Confabulation: Creating false memories or distorting real memories.

- Apathy: Lack of emotion.

- Limited content in conversations.

- Lack of insight.



Types of Amnesia:

- Anterograde Amnesia: Inability to form new memories.

- Retrograde Amnesia: Inability to recall memories before an event.

- Confabulation: The act of creating false memories or distorting real memories.



Memory Types:

- Sensory Memory: Memory of stimuli after the stimuli have been removed; lasts less than a second.

- Short-term Memory: Temporary immediate recall of information for processing; typically lasts less than
a minute.

- Chunking: Combining items into groups to improve memory.

- Working Memory: The ability to manipulate mental information actively.

- Explicit Memory: Information that is consciously remembered.

, - Implicit Memory: Information that is unconsciously remembered.

- Procedural Memory: Memory related to actions, processes, skills, etc.

- Declarative Memory: Intentionally recalled information.

- Episodic Memory: Memories based on personal experiences.

- Semantic Memory: Factual information such as dates, figures, etc.

- Long-term Memory: Memory that is stored over an extended period.



Language and Communication Disorders:

- Broca's Aphasia: Partial or total loss of the ability to produce language.

- Wernicke's Aphasia: Inability to understand language.

- Aphasia: General loss of ability to comprehend or formulate language; distinct from developmental
delays or dysfunction.



Cognitive Concepts:

- Joint Attention: The phenomenon where two or more individuals focus attention on the same object.

- Theory of Mind: The understanding that others may have different perspectives on the same events.



Brain Anatomy:

- Parietal Lobe: Responsible for somatosensory processing (touch, temperature, pain).

- Frontal Lobe: Involved in planning, decision-making, and executive functions.

- Occipital Lobe: Primarily involved in processing and storing visual information.

- Temporal Lobe: Responsible for auditory processing and storage of auditory information.

- Limbic System: A brain structure involved in emotions and memory processing.

- Cerebellum: Coordinates motor control and movement.

- Brain Stem: Controls basic life functions (breathing, heartbeat).

- Cerebrum: The outermost layer of the brain; includes the cortex and its axons, also known as the
telencephalon.

- Corpus Callosum: The bundle of axons that connect the left and right hemispheres of the brain.

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