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MCBM Enzymes Lecture with Complete Solutions
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MCBM Enzymes Lecture with Complete SolutionsMCBM Enzymes Lecture with Complete SolutionsMCBM Enzymes Lecture with Complete SolutionsMCBM Enzymes Lecture with Complete SolutionsMCBM Enzymes Lecture with Complete SolutionsWhat is an enzymes role in a biological sense? - ANSWER - To act as a molecular...

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  • August 17, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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  • what is an enzymes role in a biological sense

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MCBM Enzymes Lecture with Complete
Solutions
What is an enzymes role in a biological sense? - ANSWER - To act as a molecular catalyst


What class of molecule are MOST enzymes? - ANSWER - Proteins


Are enzymes affected by the reactions they catalyze? - ANSWER - No!


Where do substrates bind on enzymes? - ANSWER - The active site


Can any enzyme bind to any substrate? - ANSWER - No! Enzymes are highly specific and will
not take just any substrate


What are cofactors and why are they important? - ANSWER - Cofactors are additional
molecules that are required for catalysis of a reaction to occur


What are some examples of cofactors? - ANSWER - Metal ions or vitamin derivatives


How do enzymes affect the energy of activation of a reaction? - ANSWER - Enzymes lower the
energy of activation of reactions


How do enzymes affect the equilibrium or deltaG of a reaction? - ANSWER - They don't!


What is a holoenzyme? - ANSWER - A complete, catalytically active enzyme


What is an apoenzyme? - ANSWER - The protein part of a holoenzyme


What is pellagra? - ANSWER - Disease caused by a lack of niacin (Vitamin B3)

, What happens to a person biologically when they are afflicted with pellagra? - ANSWER - Lack
of vitamin B3 = decreased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and its phosphorylated
form (NADP), which are important cofactors for a variety of body processes


Explain the 3 basic steps of enzyme-catalyzed reactions? - ANSWER - 1. Enzyme binds the
substrate.
2. Enzyme acts catalytically upon the substrate and produces the product
3. The product is released, leaving behind an available enzyme


Describe catalysis by bond strain - ANSWER - By straining the substrates natural bonds, the
transition state is more easily achieved


Describe catalysis by proximity and orientation - ANSWER - Reactive groups are brought in
close proximity to one another to induce the transition state


Describe catalysis with acids an bases - ANSWER - Acid-base catalysis. The acids and bases
are used to help stabilize charges produced during biochemical reactions and prevents them
from reverting back to the reactants


What is activation energy? - ANSWER - The change in free energy required to convert a
molecule into its transition state of a reaction.


How does activation energy influence the rate of a reaction at any given temperature? -
ANSWER - A higher activation energy will result in a slower reaction rate. A lower activation
energy will result in a faster reaction rate


What do enzymes do in terms of activation energy? - ANSWER - Enzymes lower activation
energy


What is binding energy? - ANSWER - The sum of the energies released during substrate-active
site interaction


Describe the active site on an enzyme - ANSWER - Usually a cleft or crevice on a larger 3D
protein structure

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