Exam (elaborations)

West-E (051) ELLs Questions With Answers Graded A+ Assured Success

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Course
West-E ELLs

Institution
West-E ELLs

Jean Piaget - developed theory of cognitive development which explains how a child constructs a mental model of the world. He disagreed with the idea that intelligence was a fixed trait, and regarded cognitive development as a process which occurs due to biological maturation and interaction with...

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Uploaded on August 18, 2024
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west e 051 ells

Institution West-E ELLs
Course West-E ELLs

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West-E (051) ELLs

Jean Piaget - developed theory of cognitive development which explains how a child constructs a
mental model of the world. He disagreed with the idea that intelligence was a fixed trait, and regarded
cognitive development as a process which occurs due to biological maturation and interaction with the
environment.

Seal of Biliteracy - an award given in recognition of students who have studied and attained
proficiency in 2 or more languages by HS graduation

Syntax - word order

Pragmatics - (context and function) system by which a language is used in social interactions.

E.g. Will you go out with me is different when two 6th graders say it vs. when two adults are talking
about playing Frisbee.

Applied Linguistics - offers solutions to language-related real-life problems

Phonology - Sounds of a language and the study of those

sounds.

Phoneme - Smallest unit of sound

Morphology - The study of the smallest meaningful units in a language

Morphemes - smallest meaningful units of language

Free Morpheme - can stand alone as a word

,Bound Morpheme - cannot stand alone as a word

Semantics - Study of meanings expressed by a language

Dual Language Immersion Bill - (SHB 1445) calls for the expansion of funds for dual language
education programs in early-learning and K-12 schools across Washington

http://lawfilesext.leg.wa.gov/biennium/2017-18/Pdf/Bill%20Reports/House/1445-
S%20HBR%20PL%2017.pdf

2019 Grad Requirement - 2 years world language

Schools of Thought - *Structuralist/Behaviorist (Nurture)

*Generative Linguistics/Rationalist/Nativist (Nature)

*Constructivist / Multidisciplinary / Interactionist / Functional (in the middle)

Tabula rasa - (blank slate) refers to the idea that individuals are born without built-in mental
content and therefore all knowledge comes from experience or perception (nurture)

BF Skinner - (behaviorist)

Steven Pinker - "the effect of parents in shaping intellect and personality might even be
overrated" -Pinker (nature)

Noam Chomsky - Believes that for humans language is a basic instinct (nature)

Lev Vygotsky - developed the zone of proximal development (ZPD)

, Neuroplasticity (brain plasticity) - the brain's ability to CHANGE throughout life. The human brain
has the amazing ability to reorganize itself by forming new connections between brain cells (neurons).

Activate Prior Knowledge - prioritize activities that help students tap into already-existing
pathways (for instance,by integrating academic subjects or creating class projects relevant to their lives)

Growth Mindset - "Especially for students who believe they are 'not smart,' the realization that
they can literally change their brains through study and review is empowering."

Stages of SLA - 1. Silent Period

2. Early Production

3. Speech Emergence

4. Intermediate Language Proficiency

5. Advanced Language Proficiency

Stephen Krashen - Comprehensible Input (i+1) Scaffold language - start with where students are,
then surround them with language input (i) plus 1 (more advanced language input but not too far of a
jump)

Jim Cummins - Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills BICS(1-3 years) & Cognitive Academic
Language Proficiency CALPS (5-7 years)

*Also said: The level of development of children's mother tongue is a strong predictor of their second
language development.

Sociopolitical Variables - *Socioeconomic status (SES)

*legal status

*immigration

*previous educational background

Sociocultural Variables - *idioms

*register

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