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BIOC 385 Final Exam || with 100% Errorless Answers.
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Protons are pumped by mitochondria during active electron transport correct answers outside the inner mitochondrial membrane. As electrons from NADH pass through the electron transport system, correct answers protons are pumped across the mitochondrial membrane to create a pH gradient. The fi...

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  • August 20, 2024
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BIOC 385 Final Exam || with 100% Errorless Answers.
Protons are pumped by mitochondria during active electron transport correct answers outside the
inner mitochondrial membrane.

As electrons from NADH pass through the electron transport system, correct answers protons are
pumped across the mitochondrial membrane to create a pH gradient.

The first enzyme in the electron transport system is referred to as complex I, otherwise known as
correct answers NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase.

Which statement is true of the mitochondrial electron transport system? correct answers All the
electrons in the chain end up on O2 to produce water.

Which is NOT involved in the transfer of reducing equivalents from succinate to molecular
oxygen (O2)? correct answers complex I

What active site cofactor is found in the electron transport system protein called
cytochrome c? correct answers heme

The structure of the electron transport system protein called cytochrome c is highly conserved in
nature because the correct answers protein plays an important role in the electron transport
system and in other critical cellular pathways such as apoptosis.

What enzyme uses the proton motive force for its driving force? correct answers ATP Synthase

The catalytic headpiece of the ATP synthase enzyme is primarily composed of which subunits?
correct answers a hexameric a3B3 ring

ATP synthesis occurs correct answers at the ATP synthase complex after ADP and Pi are
transported into the mitochondria.

What is the driving force for ATP synthesis by the ATP synthase enzyme? correct answers The
pH gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Which part of the native ATP synthase enzyme is stationary and does NOT rotate during ATP
synthesis? correct answers the catalytic headpiece

Which one of the following statements about the glycerol phosphate shuttle is true? correct
answers It involves the transfer of electrons from cytoplasmic NADH to dihydroxyacetone
phosphate (DHAP) to yield glycerol phosphate.

What is the effect of oligomycin, an ATP synthase inhibitor, on the mitochondrial oxidative
phosphorylation pathway? correct answers The proton gradient is formed, but no ATP synthesis
can occur.

,What would happen if mitochondria were treated with a proton gradient uncoupler, such as 2,4-
dinitrophenol? correct answers Protons would be pumped by the mitochondrial electron transport
chain, although no ATP would be synthesized.

Brown adipose tissue is brown in color because of correct answers increased numbers of
mitochondria.

Which tissue types are affected the most by inherited mitochondrial disorders? correct answers
those tissues with the highest levels of mitochondria and high levels of activity

The O2 generated from photosynthesis is derived from correct answers water molecules that
directly reduce PSII*.

For photosynthesis, sunlight energy drives electron transfer. Where are the electrons ejected from
when light is absorbed? correct answers light-harvesting pigments in PSI and PSII

The following picture is an example of what phenomenon? correct answers resonance energy
transfer

Resonance energy transfer from one chlorophyll in the photosystems results in correct answers a
neighboring chlorophyll in an excited state.

Which of the following is an electron transfer molecule in photosynthesis light reactions? correct
answers plastoquinone

The photosynthetic Z scheme describes the correct answers movement of electrons driven by the
absorption of light energy.

What group in photosystem II (PSII) directly reacts with H2O during its light-driven oxidation?
correct answers oxygen evolving center

Which enzyme in the photosynthetic Z scheme catalyzes the PQ cycle, which is analogous to
Complex III and the Q cycle in the mitochondrial electron transport chain? correct answers
cytochrome b6f

Which is NOT a correct analogy between the photosynthetic PQ cycle and the mitochondrial
electron transport chain Q cycle? correct answers Photosystem I is analogous to Complex I.

Which complex in the photosynthetic electron transport chain pumps protons as electrons pass
through it? correct answers cytochrome b6f

The third stage of the three-stage Calvin cycle correct answers regenerates a C5 sugar for the
Calvin cycle to continue.

, The five-step mechanism of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase (rubisco) correct answers adds a
CO2 molecule to a C5 ribulose sugar, yielding an unstable C6 molecule that cleaves into two C3
molecules.

Which of the following is NOT required to activate rubisco? correct answers binding of the
biotin cofactor

Under what condition(s) do the wasteful side reaction of O2 with rubisco become significant?
correct answers increased temperature and intense light

In C3 plants CO2 is first incorporated into __________, whereas in C4 and CAM plants the CO2
is first incorporated into __________. correct answers 3-phosphoglycerate; oxaloacetate

Which cell type in C4 plants is isolated from O2 exposure as they perform Calvin cycle
reactions? correct answers bundle sheath cells

What is the name of the plant leaf openings that open during the night and close during the day
in CAM plants? correct answers stomata

What is the cellular location of the plant glyoxylate cycle? correct answers glyoxysome

Which of the following is true of the glyoxylate cycle? correct answers It allows plants to
produce glucose from fats and two-carbon molecules like acetate.

The glyoxylate cycle reaction shown below is catalyzed by which enzyme class? correct answers
lyase

Unlike plant cells, animal cells lack the glyoxylate enzymes correct answers isocitrate lyase and
malate synthase.

Which glycan is a major component of plant cell walls? correct answers cellulose

Which simple sugar major group ranges in size from 3 to 20 branched and unbranched sugar
residues? correct answers oligosaccharides

Which glucose homopolymer is generated during daylight hours in plants? correct answers starch

Which of the following oligosaccharides are found in high abundance in some types of
vegetables and have been known to cause intestinal distress? correct answers varbascose

The structure of raffinose, stachyose, and verbascose differ in the number of __________ units
attached to a __________. correct answers galactose; sucrose

The image below shows a(n) __________ glycosidic bond. correct answers B-1,4-

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