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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO NURSING NURS 200 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TONURSING NURS 200 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
Theory of animism - ANSWER good spirits brought health, evil spirits brought sickness and death
roles of nurse and physician are separate. Physicians were males, nurses were women
ancient greek civilization - ANSWER -temples became the center of medical care
-nurses cared for the sick in the home and community; practiced as nurse mid-wives
early christian period - ANSWER -nursing has formal and more clearly defined role
-deaconess made visits to the sick
-nursing developed purpose, direction and leadership
16th century - ANSWER -shift from religious orientation to emphasis on warfare, exploration and
expansion of knowledge
-nursing has a poor reputations; nurses received low pay and worked long hours
19th - 20th century - ANSWER -social reforms changed the roles of nurses and women in general
Florence Nightingale - ANSWER -nursing as we know it began, based on the beliefs of Florence
Nightingale
-Nightingale challenged prejudices against women and elevated the status of all nurses
-established the first training school for nurses and wrote books about health care and nursing education
19th-21st century - ANSWER -hospital schools organized to provide more easily controlled and less
expensive staff for the hospital
-female nurses were under the control of male hospital administrators and physicians
World War II - ANSWER -large numbers of women worked outside the home and became more
independent and assertive
-explosion in medicine and technology broadened the role of nurses
growth of nursing as a professional discipline
1950s - present - ANSWER nursing broadened in all areas:
-practice in a wide variety of healthcare settings
-the development of a specific body of knowledge
-the conduct and publication of nursing research
-recognition of the role of nursing in promoting health
-increased emphasis on nursing knowledge as the foundation of EBP lead to growth of nursing as a
professional discipline
contributions of florence nightingale - ANSWER -identified personal needs of patient and role of nurse in
meeting them
-established standards for hospital management
-established nursing education and nursing as a respected occupation for women
, -recognized the two components of nursing: health and illness
-established nursing education
-believed that nursing is separate from medicine
-nutrition is important to health
-instituted occupational and recreational therapy for sick people
-stressed the need for continuing education for nurses
-maintained accurate records
nutrix - ANSWER originated from the Latin word, means to nourish
ICN - ANSWER promotion of health, prevention of illness collaborative care
ANA - ANSWER social policy statement
patient is central focus of all definitions
includes physical, emotional, social and spiritual dimensions of patient
Four blended competencies - ANSWER cognitive
technical
interpersonal
ethical/legal
Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) - ANSWER patient centered care
teamwork and collaboration
quality improvement
safety
evidence based practice
informatics
patient centered care - ANSWER The traditional concept involves listening to the patient and
demonstrating respect and compassion. KSA includes
K: integrate understanding of multiple dimensions of person-centered care: patient, family, and
community preferences and values; coordination and integration of care; information, communication,
and education; physical comfort and emotional support; involvement of family and friends; and
transition and continuity.
S—Elicit patient values, preferences, and expressed
A: value seeing healthcare situations "through patients eyes"
teamwork and collaboration - ANSWER The traditional view of teamwork may involve working side by
side with other health care professionals while forming nursing skills
K: describe scope of practice and roles of healthcare team members
S: follow communication practices that minimize risk associated with handoff
A: acknowledge own potential to contribute to effective team functioning
quality and improvement - ANSWER A long-standing approach to quality involves routinely updating
nursing policies and procedures.
K: Recognition that nursing and other health professions students are parts of systems of care and care
processes that affect outcomes for patients and families.
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