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Pathogenesis GMS6121 Test Questions with Answers

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Pathogenesis GMS6121 Test Questions with Answers How proteases resist complement? (8-1) - Answer-Bacteria secretes protease which degrades complement and keeps it from working Extracellular bacteria - Answer-live outside phagocytes because otherwise they are killed Intracellular bacteria ...

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  • August 21, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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  • pathogenesis gms6121 test questions with answers

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Pathogenesis GMS6121 Test Questions
with Answers

How proteases resist complement? (8-1) - Answer-Bacteria secretes protease which
degrades complement and keeps it from working

Extracellular bacteria - Answer-live outside phagocytes because otherwise they are
killed

Intracellular bacteria - Answer-Invade and grow within phagocytes

antiphagocytic functions of extracellular bacteria - Answer-inhibit recruitment, by
inhibiting complement
kill the phagocytes due to toxins
prevent opsonization, prevent binding because of slime layer

intracellular pathogen functions - Answer-• inhibit phagosome-lysosome fusion
escape phago(lyso)some into cytoplasm
inhibit oxidative burst
resist antimicrobial functions

What is the most active component of oxidative burst? - Answer-Superoxide O^2

What enzyme generates O^2? What happens if an individual cannot generate this
enzyme? - Answer-NADPH oxidase. Person will be more susceptible to bacteria
infection.

How do phagocytes kill in an oxygen dependent manner? - Answer-Oxidative burst

How can phagocytes kill in an oxygen independent manner? - Answer-Acid pH acidifies
the endosome
Lysozyme cuts the cell wall (Gram Pos)
Secrete cationic proteins (defensins) can kill bacteria
Lactoferrin binds iron

Adaptive immunity - Answer-Antibodies

antigenic mimicry - Answer-Bacteria synthesize microbial surface components to look
like the host

antigenic cloaking - Answer-bind host proteins to bacterial surface to look like the host

, antigenic variation - Answer-When host signals a immune response against a bacterial
antigen, some members of the bacterial population can change their antigens in real
time

antigenic variety - Answer-numerous serological types, have occurred over eons

degrade antibodies - Answer-way to escape antibodies for viruses with IgAse of H.
influenzae

Cell-mediated immunity - Answer-alter host response from cell-mediated (Th1) to
antibody (Th2) response


Infectious disease - Answer-cycle of biological interactions

Disease - Answer-damage caused by presence of microorganisms or their products

Colonization - Answer-Presence of microorganisms without disease at that point. This
term applies to surfaces only

Infection - Answer-When referring to a patient, "infection" always means disease
(opposite of colonization)

Carrier state - Answer-colonization with a pathogen

Pathogen - Answer-any organism that has the potential to cause disease

overt pathogens - Answer-have a high probability of causing disease in an otherwise
healthy host

opportunistic pathogens - Answer-have a low probability and usually require a
debilitated or compromised host

Normal flora - Answer-frequently found on or within the body of healthy persons

endogenous infection/disease - Answer-They can cause disease under the right
conditions

Microbiota - Answer-microorganisms in or on our body (can be pathogens, can change
over time)

colonized sites - Answer-alimentary/intestinal tract • upper respiratory tract • distal
genitourinary tract • skin

normally sterile sites - Answer-blood • CSF • interstitial fluid and spaces • lymph

Protective effects of normal flora - Answer-Priming immune system

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