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General Chemistry 1 Midterm 1 | Latest Version | 2024/2025 | 100% Verified
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General Chemistry 1 Midterm 1 | Latest Version | 2024/2025 | 100% Verified What is the difference between an element and a compound in terms of their chemical composition? An element is a pure substance consisting of only one type of atom, whereas a compound is a substance composed of two o...

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  • August 21, 2024
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General Chemistry 1 Midterm 1 | Latest
Version | 2024/2025 | 100% Verified
What is the difference between an element and a compound in terms of their chemical

composition?


✔✔ An element is a pure substance consisting of only one type of atom, whereas a compound is

a substance composed of two or more different types of atoms chemically bonded together.




How do you determine the molecular weight of a compound from its chemical formula?


✔✔ The molecular weight of a compound is determined by summing the atomic weights of all

the atoms present in the molecular formula.




What are the key characteristics that define a chemical reaction?


✔✔ A chemical reaction is characterized by the transformation of reactants into products,

involving changes in chemical bonds, energy changes, and often observable changes such as

color changes or gas production.




How can you use stoichiometric calculations to determine the amount of product formed in a

chemical reaction?




1

,✔✔ Stoichiometric calculations involve using the balanced chemical equation to convert moles

of reactants to moles of products, thereby determining the amount of product formed.




What is the significance of Avogadro’s number in relation to moles?


✔✔ Avogadro’s number represents the number of particles (atoms, molecules, or ions) in one

mole of a substance, which is approximately 6.022 × 10²³ particles.




How do you calculate the density of a substance, and what information does it provide?


✔✔ Density is calculated by dividing the mass of the substance by its volume (density =

mass/volume). It provides information about how compact or dense the substance is.




What is the concept of limiting reactant in a chemical reaction, and how is it determined?


✔✔ The limiting reactant is the reactant that is entirely consumed first and thus limits the

amount of product that can be formed. It is determined by comparing the mole ratios of the

reactants used in the reaction to those required by the balanced equation.




How can you distinguish between a physical change and a chemical change in a substance?




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, ✔✔ A physical change alters the form or appearance of a substance without changing its

chemical composition (e.g., melting, freezing), while a chemical change results in the formation

of new substances with different chemical properties (e.g., combustion, rusting).




What is the concept of molarity, and how is it used in preparing solutions?


✔✔ Molarity is a measure of concentration defined as moles of solute per liter of solution. It is

used to prepare solutions by dissolving a known amount of solute in a specific volume of

solvent.




What is the significance of the empirical formula, and how does it differ from the molecular

formula?


✔✔ The empirical formula represents the simplest whole-number ratio of elements in a

compound, while the molecular formula indicates the actual number of atoms of each element in

a molecule of the compound.




chemistry ✔✔the study of matter and its properties, the changes that matter undergoes, and the

energy associated with those changes




matter ✔✔anything that has mass and exclusively occupies space




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