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MCAT Bros Psych/Soc | Latest Update | 2024/2025 | 100% Verified
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MCAT Bros Psych/Soc | Latest Update | 2024/2025 | 100% Verified What is “the just-world hypothesis” and how does it affect perceptions of justice? The just-world hypothesis is the belief that people get what they deserve and deserve what they get, which can lead to blaming victims for...

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  • August 21, 2024
  • 186
  • 2024/2025
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MCAT Bros Psych/Soc | Latest Update |
2024/2025 | 100% Verified

What is “the just-world hypothesis” and how does it affect perceptions of justice?




✔✔The just-world hypothesis is the belief that people get what they deserve and deserve what

they get, which can lead to blaming victims for their misfortunes and justifying inequalities.




How does “attachment theory” explain the development of relationships in early childhood?




✔✔Attachment theory suggests that early relationships with primary caregivers form the basis

for future interpersonal relationships, influencing emotional bonds and behaviors in later life.




Describe the concept of “cognitive dissonance” and its impact on attitude change.




✔✔Cognitive dissonance occurs when individuals experience discomfort from holding

conflicting beliefs or engaging in conflicting behaviors, leading them to adjust their attitudes or

beliefs to reduce the dissonance.




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,What is “emotional intelligence” and how does it influence interpersonal interactions?




✔✔Emotional intelligence is the ability to recognize, understand, and manage one’s own

emotions and those of others, which enhances effective communication, empathy, and

relationship-building.




How does “social facilitation” affect performance in the presence of others?




✔✔Social facilitation is the phenomenon where individuals perform better on simple or well-

practiced tasks when in the presence of others, but may perform worse on complex or new tasks.




What is “learned helplessness” and how does it manifest in behavior?




✔✔Learned helplessness occurs when individuals repeatedly face uncontrollable and adverse

situations, leading them to believe that they have no control over their circumstances, often

resulting in passivity and lack of effort.




Describe the concept of “group polarization” and its effect on group decision-making.




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,✔✔Group polarization refers to the tendency for group discussions to lead to more extreme

positions or decisions than those initially held by individuals, often due to reinforcement of

shared opinions.




What is the role of “mirror neurons” in understanding and mimicking behavior?




✔✔Mirror neurons are brain cells that activate both when an individual performs an action and

when they observe others performing the same action, aiding in understanding and mimicking

others' behaviors.




Explain the concept of “deindividuation” and how it influences behavior in groups.




✔✔Deindividuation occurs when individuals in a group lose self-awareness and adopt group

norms, leading to behavior that is more extreme or less restrained compared to their typical

behavior.




How does “self-serving bias” affect self-perception and interpersonal relationships?




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, ✔✔Self-serving bias is the tendency to attribute positive outcomes to internal factors and

negative outcomes to external factors, which can enhance self-esteem but may lead to

misunderstandings and conflicts in relationships.




What is the concept of “confirmation bias” and how does it affect decision-making?




✔✔Confirmation bias is the tendency to search for, interpret, and remember information that

confirms one’s preexisting beliefs or hypotheses, potentially leading to flawed decision-making.




How does the concept of “social identity theory” explain group behavior?




✔✔Social identity theory suggests that individuals derive part of their self-concept from their

membership in social groups, which influences their behaviors and attitudes towards in-group

and out-group members.




Describe the concept of “self-efficacy” and its impact on individual performance.




✔✔Self-efficacy refers to an individual’s belief in their ability to succeed in specific tasks or

situations, which can affect their motivation, effort, and persistence in achieving goals.


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