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MCAT Psychology High Yield Content Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2024/2025 | 100% Verified
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MCAT Psychology High Yield Content Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2024/2025 | 100% Verified What is the role of the prefrontal cortex in decision-making? The prefrontal cortex is involved in complex cognitive behavior, decision-making, and moderating social behavior by integrat...

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  • August 21, 2024
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MCAT Psychology High Yield Content
Questions and Answers | Latest Version
| 2024/2025 | 100% Verified

What is the role of the prefrontal cortex in decision-making?




✔✔The prefrontal cortex is involved in complex cognitive behavior, decision-making, and

moderating social behavior by integrating information from various brain regions.




Describe the concept of cognitive dissonance.




✔✔Cognitive dissonance refers to the mental discomfort experienced when a person holds

conflicting beliefs, values, or attitudes, often leading to a change in one of the beliefs to reduce

discomfort.




What is the function of the amygdala in emotional processing?




✔✔The amygdala is responsible for processing emotions, particularly fear and pleasure, and

plays a key role in emotional memory formation.



1

,Explain the difference between classical and operant conditioning.




✔✔Classical conditioning involves learning through association between stimuli, while operant

conditioning involves learning based on the consequences of behavior, such as rewards or

punishments.




What is the significance of the social learning theory in psychology?




✔✔Social learning theory emphasizes that people can learn new behaviors by observing others,

highlighting the role of modeling, imitation, and observational learning.




Describe the stages of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.




✔✔Piaget's theory includes four stages: the sensorimotor stage (birth to 2 years), the

preoperational stage (2 to 7 years), the concrete operational stage (7 to 11 years), and the formal

operational stage (12 years and up), each characterized by different cognitive abilities.




What role does the hippocampus play in memory formation?




2

,✔✔The hippocampus is crucial for forming new long-term memories and is involved in the

consolidation of information from short-term to long-term memory.




Explain the concept of attachment theory.




✔✔Attachment theory suggests that early emotional bonds between infants and caregivers shape

future relationships and emotional development, with secure attachment leading to healthy

relationships.




What is the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?




✔✔Intrinsic motivation comes from within, driven by personal satisfaction or interest in the task,

while extrinsic motivation is influenced by external rewards or pressures.




Describe the fundamental attribution error in social psychology.




✔✔The fundamental attribution error refers to the tendency to overemphasize personal

characteristics and underestimate situational factors when explaining other people's behavior.




3

, What is the role of mirror neurons in understanding others' actions?




✔✔Mirror neurons are specialized brain cells that activate both when an individual performs an

action and when they observe someone else performing the same action, playing a key role in

empathy and understanding others' intentions.




Explain the concept of Maslow's hierarchy of needs.




✔✔Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a motivational theory that proposes five levels of human

needs, arranged in a pyramid: physiological needs, safety needs, love and belongingness, esteem

needs, and self-actualization, with higher needs emerging after lower ones are satisfied.




What is the impact of reinforcement schedules on behavior?




✔✔Reinforcement schedules, such as fixed-ratio, variable-ratio, fixed-interval, and variable-

interval, determine the timing and frequency of reinforcement, influencing the strength and rate

of learned behavior.




Describe the role of the limbic system in emotional regulation.



4

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