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MCAT Psych/Sociology (from 132 scorer) | Latest Update | 2024/2025 | 100% Verified
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MCAT Psych/Sociology (from 132 scorer) | Latest Update | 2024/2025 | 100% Verified How does cognitive dissonance affect an individual's behavior? Cognitive dissonance creates psychological discomfort when a person holds conflicting beliefs or attitudes, often leading them to change one o...

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  • August 21, 2024
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MCAT Psych/Sociology (from 132
scorer) | Latest Update | 2024/2025 |
100% Verified

How does cognitive dissonance affect an individual's behavior?




✔✔Cognitive dissonance creates psychological discomfort when a person holds conflicting

beliefs or attitudes, often leading them to change one of the beliefs or behaviors to reduce the

discomfort.




What is the function of mirror neurons in social learning?




✔✔Mirror neurons fire both when an individual performs an action and when they observe

someone else performing the same action, playing a key role in imitation and empathy.




Describe the concept of social loafing in group dynamics.




✔✔Social loafing occurs when individuals put in less effort when working in a group compared

to when working alone, often because they feel less personally accountable.



1

,What is the role of the prefrontal cortex in decision-making?




✔✔The prefrontal cortex is involved in executive functions, including decision-making,

planning, and impulse control, helping individuals weigh the consequences of their actions.




Explain the difference between role strain and role conflict.




✔✔Role strain occurs when there are conflicting demands within a single role, while role

conflict arises when there are conflicting demands between multiple roles an individual holds.




What is the impact of stereotype threat on performance?




✔✔Stereotype threat can negatively impact an individual's performance by causing anxiety and

self-doubt when they fear confirming a negative stereotype about their social group.




How does the concept of the "looking-glass self" explain self-identity?




✔✔The "looking-glass self" suggests that an individual's self-identity is shaped by how they

believe others perceive them, reflecting and internalizing others' judgments.

2

,What is the bystander effect in social psychology?




✔✔The bystander effect refers to the phenomenon where individuals are less likely to offer help

in an emergency situation when there are more people present, often due to diffusion of

responsibility.




Describe the concept of social facilitation.




✔✔Social facilitation is the tendency for people to perform tasks better or more efficiently when

they are in the presence of others, especially for simple or well-practiced tasks.




How does the theory of symbolic interactionism explain human behavior?




✔✔Symbolic interactionism explains human behavior by emphasizing the importance of

symbols and language in social interactions, where individuals create and interpret meanings

based on social context.




What is the concept of the "general adaptation syndrome" in stress response?


3

, ✔✔The general adaptation syndrome describes the body's physiological response to stress in

three stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion, reflecting how the body attempts to cope with

and adapt to stress.




How does the theory of operant conditioning explain behavior?




✔✔Operant conditioning explains behavior as a function of its consequences, where behaviors

followed by rewards are reinforced and likely to be repeated, while behaviors followed by

punishments are less likely to occur.




What is the difference between material and symbolic culture?




✔✔Material culture refers to physical objects, resources, and spaces that people use to define

their culture, while symbolic culture includes the ideas, beliefs, values, and norms that shape a

society's way of life.




How does groupthink affect decision-making in groups?




4

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