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Bio 1500 Mizzou Schul TEST 2 Questions With Answers Graded A+ Assured Success
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Fitness - the genetic contribution of an individual to the next generation's gene pool relative to the average for the population, usually measured by the number of offspring or close kin that survive to reproductive age. Memorize the four postulates of natural selection. - 1. Individuals vary t...

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  • August 23, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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Bio 1500 Mizzou Schul TEST 2
Fitness - the genetic contribution of an individual to the next generation's gene pool relative to
the average for the population, usually measured by the number of offspring or close kin that survive to
reproductive age.



Memorize the four postulates of natural selection. - 1. Individuals vary their traits

2. Some of the variation is heritable and is passed to offspring

3. More offspring are produced than survive to reproduce

4. Survival and reproduction are non-random; those with favorable traits reproduce most and pass their
genes to the next generation



Know the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells - Prokaryotes: unicellular,
nucleoid, no membrane bound organelles, small

Eukaryotes: uni or multicellular, nucleus, membrane bound organelles, large



Categorize different energy forms as 'kinetic' or 'potential' - Kinetic energy: the energy of
movement

□ Includes heat, light, electricity

Potential energy: stored energy

□ Includes chemical energy

□ You can store energy in chemical bonds



Apply the First Law of Thermodynamics - Energy is never created or destroyed, but it can change
form



Describe the mechanism of diffusion at the level of single particles - particles move from high to
low concentration



Describe the pattern observed due to diffusion and the level of many particles - random

, Explain how the behavior of single particles explains the observed pattern at the many particles level -
probability



Identify the wavelengths (i.e. colors) of light absorbed by chlorophyll - red, blue and violet light



The main transport form and immediate source of energy in cells - ATP



Describe the chemical and energetic changes that occur as ADP cycles to ATP and back again to ADP -
E leaves ATP which makes ADP



Recall the processes that lead to the Great Oxygen Event & how earth looked before and after this event
- Cyanobacteria evolved photosynthesis which created O2 as a side effect which lead to Great
Oxygen Event

Before: all organisms heterotrophic prokaryotes

After: Set the stage for geology and biology as we know it today



Assess the different outcomes of the great oxygen revolution regarding their consequences for life on
earth and for earth's geology and atmosphere. - Minerals formed

□ Banded iron ore

Ozone layer formed

□ Protection from UV-light

Free O2 is toxic to cells

□ Led to global mass extinction

O2 reacted with Methane (greenhouse gas), removing it from the atmosphere

□ Led to snowball ice age (2.4-2.1 bya)

Some prokaryotes evolved ways to use O2

□ Leading to evolution of cellular respiration

(later) Eukaryotes with chloroplasts

□ More effective photosynthesis

□ Even higher O2 levels

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