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Clinical Laboratory - Hematology: Hematopoiesis, Erythropoeisis, & Thrombopoiesis
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Clinical Laboratory - Hematology: Hematopoiesis, Erythropoeisis, & ThrombopoiesisClinical Laboratory - Hematology: Hematopoiesis, Erythropoeisis, & ThrombopoiesisClinical Laboratory - Hematology: Hematopoiesis, Erythropoeisis, & Thrombopoiesis

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  • August 26, 2024
  • 21
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

  • clinical
  • clinical laboratory
  • clinical laboratory hematology hematopoiesis
  • clinical laboratory hematology
  • clinical laboratory hematology hematopoiesis

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  • Clinical Laboratory - Hematology: Hematopoiesis,
  • Clinical Laboratory - Hematology: Hematopoiesis,

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Clinical Laboratory - Hematology:
Hematopoiesis, Erythropoeisis, &
Thrombopoiesis
adipocytes - ANSWER *large cells with a single fat vacuole;

*secrete various steroids that influence erythropoiesis;

*maintain bone integrity;

*play a role in regulating volume of marrow in which active hematopoiesis occurs.

adult hematopoietic tissue - ANSWER bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen, liver, and
thymus.

apoptosis - ANSWER programmed cell death, a normal physiological process that eliminates
unwanted, abnormal, or harmful cells.

B lymphocytes (B cells) - ANSWER *arise from bone marrow;

*constitute 10%-15% of circulating lymphocytes;

*form humoral or antibody-mediated immune system (make antibody);

*defend against viruses and bacteria that enter the blood and lymph;

*when stimulated, produces plasmablast and plasma cells.

*antibody production, antigenic presentation for

T cell activation.

Basophil - ANSWER *Function: innate and adaptive immunity; initiator of allergic
inflammatory response, control of parasitic infection;

*Ref range: 0-2%

*Absolute: 0-200 uL

bone marrow - ANSWER *located within the cavities of the cortical bones;

two types:

*red marrow - hematopoietically active;

*yellow marrow - inactive marrow composed primarily of adipocytes (fat cells);

of equal amounts in adults;

*during infancy and early childhood, the bone marrow consists primarily of red active marrow;

*between 5-7 years of age, adipocytes become more abundant and begin to occupy the spaces in
the long bones previously occupied by active marrow.

common (committed) lymphoid progenitor - ANSWER proliferates and differentiates into
lymphocytes of T, B, and natural killer lineages.

common (committed) myeloid progenitor - ANSWER colony-forming unit (CFU-GEMM) -

,Clinical Laboratory - Hematology:
Hematopoiesis, Erythropoeisis, &
Thrombopoiesis
proliferates and differentiates into individual granulocytic (myelocytic), erythrocytic (normoblastic),
monocytic, and megakaryocytic lineages.

cytokines - ANSWER *signaling proteins - hematopoietic growth factors;

*specific glycoproteins that have direct or indirect effects on hematopoeitic precursor cell regulation
(stimulation or inhibiition) of proliferation, differentiation, maturation, and trafficking;

*include: interleukins, monokines, interferons, chemokines, and colony-stimulating factors (CSFs)

endothelial cells - ANSWER *active in endocytosis

*allow easy access from bone marrow to peripheral blood (capillaries) after maturation of progenitor
cells;

*cells also involved in cytokine production.

Eosinophil - ANSWER *Function: immune regulation, response to parasitic infections,
allergic response regulator;

*Ref range: 1%-3%

*Absolute: 0-400 uL

Erythrocyte destruction - ANSWER Extravascular hemolysis

Intravascular hemolysis

Erythrocyte Maturation Sequence - ANSWER 1. Pronormoblast (Rubriblast)

2. Basophilic Normoblast

3. Polychromatophilic Normoblast

4. Orthochromic Normoblast

5. Polychromatophilic Red Cells

6. Erythrocyte



"Professional Baseball Players Often Run Everyday"

Erythrocyte Maturation Sequence:

Basophilic Normoblast (Prorubricyte) - ANSWER * 10-17 microns

Nucleus:

* moderately coarse chromatin, clumping begins

* possible visibility of the nucleolus

, Clinical Laboratory - Hematology:
Hematopoiesis, Erythropoeisis, &
Thrombopoiesis
N:C = 6:1

Cytoplasm:

* blue (basophilic)

* lots of ribosomes to make Hgb

Lifespan - < 24 hours

Erythrocyte Maturation Sequence:

Erythrocyte - ANSWER * 6-8 microns

* biconcave disc area of central pallor 1/3 diameter of entire cell;

* all Hgb, no RNA

* nonmotile

Nucleus:

* absent

Cytoplasm:

* pink

Lifespan - 120 days in circulating blood.

Erythrocyte Maturation Sequence:

Orthochromic Normoblast (Metarubricyte) - ANSWER * 8-12 microns

* no mitosis occurring

Nucleus:

* very small round - starts to move out

* dense chromatin - pyknotic

N:C = 1:2

Cytoplasm:

* pink to gray

* few ribosomes/organelles

Lifespan - 48 hours

Erythrocyte Maturation Sequence:

Polychromatic (Polychromatophilic) Normoblast (Rubricyte) - ANSWER * 10-15 microns

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